56

ANALYSIS OF A FERTILE SOIL, WHERE THE FALL OFRAIN IS 24 INCHES.

Mr. Bergman found, that a fertile soil, situ-ated on a plain, where the yearly fall of rainamounts to 15 Swedish (that is 23,9 English )inches, contained four parts clay, three of sili-cious sand, two of calcareous earth, and oneof magnesia (in all ten parts;) but the last notbeing of absolute necessity, may be annexed tothe calcareous.

The composition of the clay he does not ex-pressly mention, but we may suppose it suchas most frequently occurs, containing 66 percwt. of line silicious sand, and 34 of mere ar-gill: consequently 0,40 of it contain nearly0,14 of mere argill; and 0,2b of line silicioussand.

The silicious sand, mentioned by Mr. Berg-man, is what we call gravel (consisting of stonefrom the size of a pea, or less, to that of anut;) and thus he himself explains it *. Thisamounts to 30 per cwt.

* S Bergman, 102, 103.