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COXE’s TRAVELS in DENMARK , 313

fleet is generally moored at Copenhagen , except'four or five fliips of the line in the portsof Norway, a frigate Rationed off Elfinore, another lying off the ifle of Funen , and afmaller veffel on the Elbe , befide a frigate or two which annually make a cruize.

In 1779, the year of the armed neutrality, tire northern powers fent out different'ar-maments; that of Denmark , which was fitting out in the fpring, confided of ten fliips ofthe line, four frigates, and two floops of twenty guns ; and the expence of the equip-ment was chiefly fupplied by an additional duty of one per cent, laid on all imports,and half per cent, on exports. For manning this fleet one thoufand fixed bailors werefelecbed, three thoufand five hundred regiftered from the country, and one thoufandmarines.

The chief nurfery * for naval officers is the Academy of Marine Cadets, inftituted byFrederic IV. in 1701. The foundation is for fixty cadets, who are maintained and in-ftrucled in the theory of navigation at the expence of the crown. . Every year theymake a cruize on board a frigate. Befide the original number, other youths are ad-mitted, under the name of volunteers, at their own expence.

The eftablilhed religion of Denmark is the Lutheran . The hierarchy confifts oftwelve bifhops, or fuperintendants ; fix in Denmark, four in Norway, and two in Ice-land. There is no archbifliop; but the bilhop of Zealand , who is firft in rank, andthe bilhop of Aggerhuus, are metropolitans.

The annual revenues of the fees are: In Denmark : Zealand ioool.; Funen 760I.;Aarhuus 6pol. ; Aalborg 40c!.; and Ripan 400I. In Norway : Chriftiana or Ag-gerhuus, 400I. ; Chriftianfand 600I. j Berghen 400I.; and Drontheim 400I. In Ice-land : Skalholt 150I.; and Holun 150I. Thefe two laft bilhoprics, although far in-ferior in nominal value to the former, are, if we take into confideration the cheapnefsof living in Iceland , perhaps equal in real profits to the largeft of the others.

The inferior clergy are provofts or archdeacons, parilh-priefts and chaplains. Eachdiocele is divided into a certain number of diftri&s, of which the provofts have the in*fpedtion, and each diftrid into parts. A large parifti, befide the principal church, hasone or more chapels of eafe. The parilh-priefts receive their falaries principally inglebe, tithes, and furplice fees, and in fome places from the voluntary contributions ofthe parilhioners. The profits vary in the different parts, according to the cheapnefs ofprovifions and other incidental circumftances. In Denmark the livings feldom exceed400I., or fall Ihort of 60I. per annum, Jutland excepted, in which peninfula there are afew fcarcely worth 20I. In Norway the higheft may be rated at 200I., and the Iowefl:at 60I. In Iceland fome parilhes fcarcely bring in 3I. or 4I. a year. A clergyman’swidow ufually receives the whole profit of her hulband’s cure for the year immediatelyfollowing his deceafe, and a penfion from his fucceffor, amounting to the eighth of theannual income.

Chap. IV.— Univerfity of Copenhagen.—Royal Academy of Sciences. — Royal Society forthe Improvement of Northern Hijlory and Languages.—Latin Schools in the Danijh Domi-nions.—Refearches into the Origin and Progrefs of Icelandic Literature.—Flora Danica .-—Oeder and Muller.—Regenfufs on Shells , &c. &c.

COPENHAGEN contains, among other literary inftitutions, an univerfity, and anacademy of fciences. The univerfity was founded in 1479, by Chriftian I. and hasbeen augmented and amply endowed by his fucceffors; amongft whom Chriftian VI.

* Lettres fur le Dannemark, p. xo.

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