FORTIA’s TRAVELS IN SWEDEN.

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Swartz: M. D. Holmim, 1788. He has fpecified more than three hundred forts oflichen , one hundred and thirty.of which only are defcribed by Linnaeus . A fmail num-ber is peculiar to Sweden , no more than five or fix. Vnlpinus, a kind of mofs found inFinland: the country people make ufe_of it to poifon wolves; it is found in Sweden alone, and yields a very pretty green colour. ' Tartareus , a mofs which the English for-merly purchafed to extract a dye : a manufactory thereof has been actually eftablifliedat Stockholm. Impreffiis , a new fpecies, found hitherto no where but in Sweden , givesa red colour. Mr. Vejlring , a doCtor of phyfic at Norkoeuping in Oftrogothia, hasmade a number of experiments on the colouring principles of mofs; he is lhortly togiven diflercation on the refult of his refearches, which will be read at the Academy ofSciences . Already from different moffes the following colours have been extracted;yellow, red, and green of different (hades, brown, black, and violet. Hitherto nonehas been discovered that have given blue, which appears a difficult matter to find, Mr.Swartz imagines, dyes among them may be found capable of vieing in brilliancy withcochineal; experiments tried on filk and wool have fucceeded, but not with cotton.The raugiferinus , $ 3 ° i/landicus probofcidens ferve for food. The Laplanders eat the rau-giferinus boiled in water and milk; it is excellent for pbthificky coughs and coniump-tion. Mr. Swartz brought with him from the Weft Indies more than a thoufand newplants, the defcription of which may be feen in his work; he met with the fame kindof mofs in Jamaica , that ferves as food for rein deer, which is rather fingular.

Mr. Fredenheim , knight of the polar ftar, and member of feveral academies, pofleffesinterefting collections of manufcripts, engravings, &c, of which the following are themod remarkable. Among his manufcripts, thofe of Baron d'Adler Salvius, Swedilhambaffador at the treaty of Weftphalia, and afterwards fenator. It comprizes minutesof his difpatches and other writings, even of feveral articles of the above-mentionedtreaty of peace, and a number of memorials and original letters addreffed to himfelf orothers by celebrated characters of paft times, fuch as the Emperor, Guftavus Adolphus,Queen Chriftina, the Princes of the empire, a number of learned men, and particularlySwedifh generals and minifters. This collection extends from the year 1624 to 1652inclufive ; the number of different pieces that it comprizes is two thoufand fix hundredand feven. The owner has caufed a table of them to be made with notes, which alonefills a large folio. The pieces already publifhed in the extracts given to the world re-lative to this peace, are carefully noted. The greater part of thefe are not among hiscollection; this includes even the letters which had been intercepted and dec>phered.A fimilar/zdte of manufcripts belonging to a Swedifh nobleman, who aCted a great parton the ftage of the world between 1700 and 1727. The collection confifts of fix hun-dred and feventeen pieces, moftly letters, the great part originals of Charles XII., Fred-eric I., the Queen Ulrica Eleanora, Lewis XV., Staniflaus of Poland , his Oueen. thePrincefs Czartorifiy , Cardinal Judice the Spaniffi minifter, of generals, and particularlySwedilh minifters; and befides the minutes of this nobleman himfelf, a table withnotes.

Thefe two collections form a fucceffion the more precious, from its containing amplememoirs of the two molt interefting epochs of the hiftory of Europe and Sweden , inthe courfe of his travels, Mr. F. employed himfelf principally in fearch of hiftorical piecesnot in print in different libraries. Many were (hewn him, which he 'copied ; amongothers, the life of Cardinal Mazarin , in the Ricardian library at Florence. As for thelibrary of the Vatican, he took particular account of all that it contained relative to thehiftory of Sweden , from part of the manufcripts of Queen Chriftina. The Pope hadthe unufual civility to caufe extracts to be made for him from the archives, and gave him

copies