Buchanan’s journey throuch

6yS

the Lower Carnatic ; for, as I have before obferved, the Parriar of the Tamuls, is thefame caft with the Whalliaru of Karnata, and the Maliwanlu of Telingana. He fettlesall difputes ; and on all delinquents impofes a mulcl of an entertainment.

The Teliga Devangas of the Siva fett intermarry with thofe who wor(hip Vifhnu ;and the wife always adopts the religion of her hufband. Even after the age of pubertythe women may marry; and, except for adultery, cannot be divorced. Polygamyis allowed to the men, but they do not confine their women. Widows were formerlyexpected to bury themfelves alive with their hufbands’ bodies, but the cuftom has be-come obfolete. The people of this caft are allowed to eat animal food; but not to drinkfpirituous liquors. They offer facrifices to the Saktis , and have the fame opinionconcerning a future life that the Canara Devangas entertain. They can read, andwrite accompts. Although they do not wear the linga, they rejedt the Brahmans asGurus, and follow Cari-Bafwa Uppa, who admonifhes them to wafh their heads, andto pray to Ifwara. He as ufual receives dharma, or charity, and on every marriagehas a (mail fee. At births, marriages, funerals, new moons, and the annual celebra-tion of their parents’ deceafe, the panchanga reads mantrams ; but the Jangamas (harein the profits, as on all thefe occafions they receive charity.

I found here three Sinartal Brahmans, who were reckoned men of learning.They faid, that the facred caft is divided into at lead two thoufand tribes, which fromhatred to one another, never intermarry ; for they might do fo without infringingthe rules of caft. It is confidered as inceftuous for two perfons of the fameGo tram to intermarry. The origin of the Gotrams is thus explained. Thefirft Brahmans that fprung from the head of Brahma when he created mankindare dill alive, and are called Rifiiis. They are endowed-with wonderful powers,being able to induce the gods to perform whatever they pleafe. This power they ob-tained by long fading and prayer ; and they continue to pafs their time in thefe exer-cifes, living in very retired places, and having been very feldom feen, efpecially inthefe degenerate days. Each of thefe Rifhis had children, and each became thus thefounder of a Gotram ; all his defendants in the male line conftituting one family.Every Gotram poffeffes Vaidika, Lokika, and Numbi, or Siva-Brahmana, as this ladfet are called by the Sinartal.

2 tftJuly. — I went five coffes to Tonday Bava, near Maha-kah'durga, pallingchiefly through a barren hilly country, totally uncultivated, and covered with bulliesor coppice-wood. It is part of a hilly chain that comes toward the weft from the northof Colar, and meets at right angles the chain that extends north from Capala-durga.This chain running eaft and weft is called a Ghat, and the country to the north of it isfaid to be below the Ghats. The whole of it is watered by branches of the Utara Pina-kanf, or Pennar. The nature of the crops here is very different from that in the fouthernparts of the country.

The Baydaru are of two kinds, Karnata and Telinga. The former wear the linga,and are faid to be numerous near Raya-durga. Thofe in the north-eaftern parts of theMyfore Raja’s dominions are of Telinga defcent, and retain that language. Theyfeem to be the true Sudra cultivators and military of Telingana, and to have been intro-duced in great numbers into the fouthern countries of the peninfula, when thefe becamefubjedf to Andray or Telingana Princes. The Telinga Baydas neither intermarry,nor eat in common with thofe of Karnata extra&ion. Among themfelves they can alleat together; but, in order to keep up the purity of the race, they never marry, ex-cept in families whole pedigree is well known. Like the Brahmans, they are dividedinto a number of families, of which a male and female can never intermarry. Theyhave alfo among them a race of nobles called Chimalas. Among thefe are the

hereditary