pfgafetta’s voyage round the world.

391

weft., or the contrary, keep always under the fame parallel. If inclined to proceedfrom one fpot to another which is diftant as many degrees of longitude as of latitude,you mull fteer 45 0 towards the north-weft or north-eaft, or towards the fouth-weft orfouth-eaft. If the difference of the latitude is greater than that of the longitude, addto 45° the number of degrees which the latitude has more than the longitude to thepole to which you are fteering. For example ; fuppofe I wilhed to go from CapeSt. Vincent to Cape Bojador, I compute the degrees of longitude and latitude to knowthe difference between the two capes; I find the difference of longitude to be 5 0 30',°f latitude n°: I therefore dedudt 5 0 30' from 11°, and find the remainder 5 0 30'rnore than north-eaft towards the north, and lefs than fouth-weft towards the fouth.ft the longitude is greater than the latitude, the inferior number of degrees is in likebanner deducted from the greater; and the courfe to fteer will be the remainder of45°, after fubtrafting the quotient. For example ; fuppofe I wilh to go from the iflandfterro to Guadaloupe , I find the former lies in latitude 27 0 , the other in 15 0 north;I thus afcertain the difference to be 12 0 of latitude. I next obferve on the chartAeir longitudes; as that of Ferro is feen to be i°, and that of Guadaloupe 45 0 , thedifference is 44 0 ; from this I fubtra£t the 12 0 of latitude, and have for a remainder3 2 °; this refidue I deduct from 45 0 , and have 13° for the difference. The courfe to-->fteer muft therefore be from north-eaft 13 0 north, to fouth-weft 13 0 fouth

Direction of the Winds..

** The compafs, on which the rhumbs are marked, divided into 366°, will give aSetter idea of what I have juft now remarked, it being firft underftood that the pilotmuft reckon his point of departure from the centre of the compafs; he muft at thefame time take care to determine precifely the true pole by the elevation of the fun*^d not from the needle, prone to deviate from the north towards the eaft and weft.In order to learn whence the wind blows, fix a fmall ftick with a vane in the middlethe compafs, fo placed as that the north and fouth may be upon the true meridionalThe direction of the vane a&ed upon by the wind will lhow whither it blows,the equino&ial line of the compafs are the eaft and weft; at 45 0 you find theu°rth-eaft, north-weft, fouth-eaft and fouth-weft; at 22north-north-eaft and north-^urth-weft, and fo with the reft.”

* This laft is-an error. Where the longitude is greater than the latitude, the furplus (hould be addedth ■ f° n gi tu( 3 inal direftion, whether eaft or weft. Thus, inftead of ftfeering fouth-weft 13 0 fouth, ine ‘nftance of this problem, the veifel ftiould be fleered fouth-weft 13 0 weft. Eng. Tr.