INDEX.

929

lions of the clergy there, occasion the rightof patronage to be established, 761. Amountof the whole revenue of the clergy, 765.

Sea service ami military service by landcompared, 109.

Sects in religion, the more numerous, tirebetter for society, 7*13. Why they generallyprofess the austere system of morality, 7*16.

Self-love the governing principle in the in-tercourse of human society, 21.

Servants, menial, distinguished from hiredworkmen, 311. The various orders of men,who rank in the former class, in reference totheir labours, 312. Their labour unproduc-tive, 635.

Settlements of the poor, brief review of theEnglish laws relating to, 136. The removalsof the poor, a violation of natural liberty,1*10. The law of, ought to be repealed, 4-33.

Sheep, frequently killed in Spain , for thesake of the lloecc ami the tallow, 226. Severelaws against the exportation of them and theirwool, 607.

Shepherds, war how supported by a nationof, 648. Inequality of fortune among, thesource of great authority, 667. Birth and fa-mily highly honoured in nations of shepherds,668. Inequality of fortune first began to takeplace in the age of shepherds, 669. And in-troduced civil government, ib.

Shetland, how rents are estimated andpaid there, 141.

Silk manufacture, how transferred fromLucca to Venice, 378.

Silver the first standard coinage of thenorthern subverted of the Human empire.43. its proportional value to gold regulatedby law, 44. Is the measure of the value ofgold, ib. Mint price of silver in England,46. Inquiry into the difference between thomint and market prices of bullion, 47. Howto preserve the silver coin from being melteddown for profit, 48. The mines of, in Eu­ rope , why generally abandoned, 167. Evi-dences of the small profit they yield to pro-prietors in Peru , ib. Qualities for which thismetal is valued, 170. The most abundantmines of, would add little to the wealth ofthe world, 171. Hut the increase in thequantity of, would depreciate its own value,174. Circumstances that might counteractthis elfcct, ib. Historical view of the va-riations in the value of, during the four lastcenturies, 175. Remarks on its rise in valuecompared with corn, 178. Circumstancesthat have misled writers in reviewing the va-lue of silver, 179. Corn the best standard forjudging of the real value of silver, 184. Theprice of, how alfected by the increase ofquantity, 185. The value of, sunk by thediscovery of the American mines, 189. Whenthe reduction of its value from this cause ap-pears to have been completed, 190. Tax paidfrom the Peruvian mines to the king ofSpain , 197. The value of silver kept up byan extension of the market, 198. Is the most

profitable commodity that can be sent toChina , 203. The value of, how proportionedto that of gold, before und after the discoveryof the American mines, 207. The quantitycommonly in the market in proportion to thatof gold, probably greater than their relativevalues indicate, 208. The value of, probablyrising, and why, 210. The opinion of a de-preciation of its value, not well founded, 237.The real value of, degraded by the bounty onthe exportation of corn, 470.

Sinking fund in the Hritish finances, ex-plained, 871. Is inadequate to the dischargeof former debts, and almost wholly appliedto other purposes, 875. Motives to the mis-application of it, 876.

Slaves , the labour of, dearer to the mas-ters than that of freemen, 82. Under feudallords, circumstances of their situation, 362.Countries where this order of men still re-mains, 363. Why itie service of slaves ispreferred to that of freemen, ib. Their labourwhy unprofitable, 364. Causes of the abo-lishing of slavery throughout the greaterpart of Europe , 365. Receive more protec-tion from the magistrate in an arbitrary go-vernment, than in one that is free, 547. Whyemployed in manufactures by the ancientGrecians, 643. Why no improvements areto be expected from them, 644.

Smuggling, a tempting, hut generally aruinous employment, 110. Encouraged byhigh duties, 834. Remedies against, 837.The crime of, morally considered, 851.

Society, humnn, the first principles of, 21.

Soldiers, remarks on their motives for en-gaging in the military line, 109. Comparisonbetween the land and sea service, ib. Whyno sensible inconvenience felt by the dis-banding of great numbers after a war is over,432. Reason of their first serving for pay,65i. How they became a distinct class ofthe people, 655. How distinguished from themilitia, ib. Alteration in their exercise pro-duced by the invention of fire-arms, 656.

South-sea Company, amazing capital onceenjoyed by, 696. Mercantile and stock-job-bing projects of, 699. Asaicnto contract, ib.Whale-fishery, 700. The capital of, turnedinto annuity stock, 700. 8G9.

Sovereign and trader, inconsistent charac-ters, 771.

Sovereign, three duties only, necessary forhim to attend to, for supporting a system ofnatural liberty, 647. llow he is to protectthe society from external violence, 648. 664.And the members of it, from the injusticeand oppression of each other, 665. And tomaintain public works and institutions, 677.

Spain , one of ihe poorest countries in Eu­ rope , notwithstanding its rich mines, 235.Its commerce lias produced no considerablemanufactures for distant sale, and the greaterpart of the country remains uncultivated,391. Spanish mode of estimating their Ame-rican discoveries, 394. The value of gold