242

CALICO-PRINTING.

rinsed, and passed through a weals: solution of chloride of lime, to raise the bronze, againrinsed, and passed through a solution of arsenious acid to raise the green.

Scheele’s green for the calico-printer is made as follows :— »

Take 1 gallon of water, in which dissolve with heat,

5 pounds of sulphate of copper, and 1 pound of verdigris. When the two salts are dis-solved, remove the kettle from the fire, and put into it 1 quart of solution of nitrate ofcopper, and 5 pounds of acetate of lead. Stir the mixture to facilitate the decomposition,and allow the pigment to subside.

It must be thickened with 2j lbs. of gum per gallon, for pencilling; or 12 oz. of starchfor the block. The goods printed with this paste are to be winced through a caustic ley,till a fine sky-blue be produced ; then washed well and rinsed. They are now to hepassed through water, containing from half an ounce to an ounce of white arsenic perpiece; 4 turns are sufficient; if it be too long immersed it will take a yellow tint.

Catechu has been considerably employed by calico-printers of late years, as it affords afine permanent substantive brown, of the shade called carmelite by the French . The fol-lowing formula will exemplify its mode of application:—

Take 1 gallon of water;

1 pound of catechu in fine powder; reduce by boiling to half a gallon, pass the decoc-tion through a fine sieve, and dissolve in it 4 ounces of verdigris; allow it then to cool,and thicken the solution with 5 ounces of starch; while the paste is hot, dissolve in it 5ounces of pulverized muriate of ammonia.

Print-on this paste, dry, and wash. It is a fast color.

I shall subjoin the prescriptions for two fancy cochineal printing colors.

Amaranth by cochineal. —Pad the pieces in the aluminous mordant of spec. grav. HJ27,page 230.

Dry in the hot flue; and after hanging up the goods during 3 days, wince well throughchalky water, and then dye, as follows:—

For each piece of 28 or 30 yards, 8 ounces of cochineal are to be made into a decoc-tion of 2 gallons in bulk, which is to be poured into a kettle with a decoction of 3 ouncesof galls, and with two ounces of bran. The pieces are to be entered and winced as i»the madder bath, during two hours and a half; then washed in the dash wheel. On mix-ing with the amaranth bath a certain quantity of logwood, very beautiful lilachs and vio-lets may be obtained. , '

Mixture of quercitron and cochineal. —Pad in the aluminous mordant, and dye with vlbs. of quercitron, and 4 ounces of cochineal, when a capuchin color will be obtained. I*we pad with the following mordant, viz., 1 gallon of acetate of alumina of T056 spec-grav., and 1 of iron liquor of 1-02 spec, grav., and dye with 1 pound of quercitron, and1 ounce of cochineal, we shall obtain a shade like boot-tops, of extreme vivacity.

Two ounces of cochineal will print a long piece of calico with rich pink figures, havin.-,acetate of alumina for a mordant. As the ground is hardly tinged by the dye, it neitherneeds nor admits of much clearing.

I have already mentioned that goods are sometimes padded with solution of perchlorideof tin before printing-on them the steam colors, whereby they acquire both permanenceand vivacity. I have also stated that the salts of tin at a high temperature are apt '°corrode the fibre of the stuff, and therefore must be used with discretion. This dang 1eis greatly lessened by adding to the perchloride of tin a sufficient quantity of caus ipotash ley to form a stannate of potash. The goods are padded through this substanc >diluted with water, dried with a moderate heat, and then immersed in very dilute sphuric acid, which saturates the potash, and precipitates the tin oxyde within the P oreS .the cloth. Calico thus prepared affords brilliant and permanent colors by the steam Pcess, above described. - x .

Printing of silks or woollen stuffs, such as merinoes and mousselin de lainc, as also ofed stuffs of silk and wool, such as chalys. —All these prints are applied, not by the cy ^der but the block, and are fixed,by the application of steam in one of four ways ;the lantern; 2. By the cask; 3. By the chest; or, 4. By the chamber.

1. By the lantern. —In this mode of exposure to steam, the goods are stretcheda frame; and therefore the apparatus may be described under two heads ; the ' ant | rI ).p e nthe frame. The former is made of copper, in the shape of a box ajci e ,fig- 23°> 1 _below, and with a sloping roof above, to facilitate the trickling down of thedensed upon the walls. The sides b c D E are 4| feet high, 6 feet long, and 4 feet ' hic hThe distance of the point a %om the line e b is 2 feet, At r is a brass soekef.may be stopped with a cork; and there is a similar one at the other side. * n „]esof penthouse may be raised by means of a pulley with cords fixed to the four a ^of the roof e b ; and it rests upon the table g h, a little larger than the area of tn awhich stands upon the four feet i k. Round the borders of the table then etriangular groove a b, for receiving the lower edges of the box, and it is stut etight with lists of cloth. Through the centre of the table, the two-inch steam p v