342
COPPEK.
of the crystal. Blue; specific gravity 2-88; scratches calc-spar. It consists of arsenicacid 14; oxyde of copper 49; water 35. It is found in Huel-Mutrel, Huel-Gorland,Huel-Unity, mines in Cornwall.
C. Olivenite; right prismatic arseniate of copper; olive-ore. Dull green ; specificgravity 4 - 28 ; scratches fluor; yields no water by heat; fusible at the blowpipe into aglassy bead, enclosing a white metallic grain. It consists of arsenic acid 45, oxyde ofcopper 50-62. It affords indications of phosphoric acid, which the analysts seem to haveoverlooked. It occurs in the above and many other mines in Cornwall .
D. Aphanese. Trihedral arseniate of copper. Bluish green, becoming gray upon thesurface; specific gravity 4-28; scarcely scratches calc-spar; yields water with heat; andtraces of phosphoric acid.
The fibrous varieties called wood copper, contain water, and resemble the last speciesin composition.
A. Azurite ; kupferlazur. Blue. Crystallizes in oblique rhomboidal prisms; specificgravity 3 to 3-83; scratches calc-spar, is scratched by fluor; yields Water with heat,and blackens. Its constituents are, carbonic acid 25-5; oxyde of copper 69-1; water5-4. The Chessy and Banat azurite is most profitably employed to make sulphate ofcopper.
B. Malachite ; green carbonate or mountain green. Crystallizes in right rhomboidalprisms ; specific gravity 3-5; affords water with heat, and blackens. It consists of car-bonic acid 18-5; oxyde of copper 72 2; water 9-3.
C. Mysorine; anhydrous carbonate of copper. Dark brown generally stained greenor red; conchoidal fracture; soft, sectile; specific gravity 2-62. It consists of carbonicacid 16-7; oxyde of copper 60-75; peroxyde of iron 19-5; silica 2-10. This is a raremineral found in the Mysore.
3. Chromate of Copper and Lead; vauquelinite. Green of various shades; specificgravity 6-8 to 7-2; brittle; scratched by fluor; fusible at the blowpipe with froth andthe production of a leaden bead. It consists of chromic acid 28-33 ; oxyde of lead 60-87;oxyde of copper 10-8. It occurs at Berezof in Siberia along with chromate of lead.
4. Dioptase; silicate of copper; emerald copper. Specific gravity 3-3; scratchesglass with difficulty ; affords water with heat, and blackens ; infusible at the blowpipe.It consists of silica 43-18; oxyde of copper 45-46; water 11-36. This rare substancecomes from the government ofKirgis.
The silicate of Dillenberg is similar in composition.
5. Gray copper ore called Panabase, from the number of metallic bases which i*
contains; and Fahlerz. Steel gray; specific gravity 4-79 to 5-10; crystallizes in regular-tetrahedrons ; fusible at the blowpipe, with disengagement of fumes of antimony andoccasionally of arsenic; swells up and scorifies, affording copper with soda flux. Is actedupon by nitric acid with precipitation of antimony ; becomes blue with ammonia; yieldsa blue precipitate with ferrocyanide of potassum ; as also indications frequently of zinc,mercury, silver, &c. Its composition which is very complex is as follows: sulphur 26-83iantimony 12-46; arsenic 10-19; copper 40-60; iron 4-66; zinc 3-69; silver 0-60-Some specimens contain from 5 to 31 per cent, of silver. The gray copper ores are verycommon; inSaxony; theHartz; Cornwall; at Dillenberg; in Mexico; Peru , &c. The)are important on account both of their copper and silver. Tennantite is a variety oFahlerz. It occurs in Cornwall . Its constituents are, sulphur 28-74; arsenic ll’° 'copper 45-32; iron 9-26. .- c
6. Hydrated silicate of Copper; or Chrysocolla. Green or bluish green ; s P ecI j
gravity 2-03 to 2-16; scratched by steel; very brittle; affords water with heat, ablackens; is acted upon by acids, and leaves a silicious residuum. Solution b e< ’°j-.blue with ammonia. Its constituents are silica 26; oxyde of copper 50; water >carbonic acid 7. -,y
7. Muriate of Copper . Gtakamite; green ; crystallizes in prisms; specific £**
4-43. Its constituents tire, chlorine 15-90; copper 14-22; oxyde of copper 54-22; ' o j-14-16; oxyde of iron 1-50. The green sand of Peru , collected by the inhabitanAtakama, is this substance in a decomposed state.
A. Black, or Melaconise; a black earthy looking substance found at Chessy
other places. It is dentoxydo of copper. , „„ t ahe
B. Protoxyde or red oxyde of copper; ziegelerz. Crystallizes in the re? ula . r . ° h i ac kdron ; specific gravity 5-69 ; scratches calc-spar; fusible at the blowpipe into tn ^oxyde; and reducible in the smoke of the flame to copper; acted upon by nl " stitu -with disengagement of nitrous gas; solution is rendered blue by ammonia. Its s ]opcents are oxygen 11*22; copper 88*78. It occurs near Chessy, and upon the eas e
of the Altai mountains. vity
9. Phosphate of Copper. Dark green; crystallizes in octahedrons ; specim. 5
3-6 to 3-8; scratches calc-spar; yields water with heat; and affords metuiu