CURRYING OF LEATHER.

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P9'vder of a violet red color, difficult to moisten with water, and of a peculiar but notdisagreeable odor. It is partially soluble in boiling water, becomes red with acids, andviolet blue with alkalis. It is prepared in the same way as archil, only towards theend the substance is dried in the air, and is then ground to a fine powder, taking care tonvoid decomposition, which renders it glutinous In Scotland they use the lichen tar-tareus, more rarely the lichen calcareus, and omphalodes; most of which lichens areimported from Sweden and Norway , under the name of rock moss. The lichen is sufferedto ferment for a month, and is then stirred about to allow any stones which may be pre-Senl to fall to the bottom. The red mass is next poured into a flat vessel, and left toevaporate till its urinous smell has disappeared, and till it has assumed an agreeablecolor verging upon violet. It is then ground to fine powder. During the fermentation°f the lichen, it is watered with stale urine, o? with an equivalent ammoniacal liquor ofan y kind, as in making archil.

CUp ELLAXI on is a mode of analyzing gold, silver, palladium, and platinum, bya ddmg to small portions of alloys, containing these metals, a bit of lead, fusing thefuture in a little cup of bone earth called a cupel , then by the joint action of heat and* lr ) oxydizing the copper, tin, &c., present in the precious metals. The oxydes thus pro-Ur( 'd are dissolved and carried down into the porous cupel in a liquid state, by theVlt rifi e( j 0X j(j e 0 f J e ad. See Assay, Gold, and Silver .

CURRYING OF LEATHER ( Corroyer, Fr.; Zurichten, Germ.) is the art ofMessing skins after they are tanned, for the purpose of the shoe-maker, coach and harnessa Ker, &c., or of giving them the necessary smoothness, lustre, color, and suppleness.s e t Cllrr ' er ’ s shop has no resemblance lo the tanner’s premises, having a quite different• °f tools and manipulations.

or i! e currier employs a strong hurdle about a yard square, made either of basket twigs,Un°* Woot ic n spars, fixed rectangularly like trellis work, ryth holes 3 inches square,0n which he treads the leather, or beats it with a mallet or hammer, in order to softenTh^ reni * er h flexible.

W1 if head knife, called in French couteau a revere, on account of the form of its edge,l Wo h ' s muc h turned over, is a tool 5 or 6 inches broad, and 15 or 16 long; withhandles, one in the direction of the blade, and the other perpendicular to it, for the

purpose of guiding theedge more truly uponthe skin. The pommel( paumelle ) is so calledbecause it clothes the