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A dictionary of arts, manufactures, and mines : containing a clear exposition of their principles and practice / by Andrew Ure
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GAS-LIGHT.

569

C°py of a paper laid before a Committee of the House of Commoas, showing not onlyJhe relative values of the Gases produced at the undermentioned places, but showing inhke manner the relative econojny of Gas, as produced at the different places, over can-" es ' By Joseph Hedley, Esq.

Nantes

Iwh? llw Piace sV ere experimentsI were matte.

Birmingham ; 1Birmingham and VStaffordshire; [

two Companies JStockport -ManchesterLiverpool Old)Company X jL iverpool New )Gas Company )Bradford *

Leeds

Sheffield - *

Leicester -NottinghamDerbyBreston

Illuminating powerof a single Jet ofGas-flame four inch,high, taken by acomparison ofShadows.

The Jet of Gasburnt, (our incheshigh, consumed per

hour and was equal

to the Candles in

the last column.

Gas required to be

equal to 100 lbs. of

mould Caudles, 6

to the lb., 9 inches

long each.*

Selling price of

Gas per meter per

1000 cubic feet.

Cost of Gas equal in

, illuminating power

, to 100 lbs. of Can-

| dles.t

Average discount

allowed off the

charge for Gas.

Net cost of Gas

equal to 100 lbs. of

Candles.

Specific gravity of

the Gas.

Equal to

Candles.

Cubic Feet.

Cubic Feet.

s. d.

L. s. d.

PerCent.

L.

s.

d.

2-572

1-22

2704

10 0

1 7 0

9

'1

4

7

541

3-254

85

1489

10 0

0 14 11

m

0

13

0

539

3-060

825

1536

8 0

0 12 3

nf

0

10

10

534

2-369

1-1

2646

10 0

1 6 5

61

1

4

9

462

4-408

9

1164

10 0

0 11 8

6J

0

9

10

-580

2-190

1-2

3123

9 0

1 8 1

12J

1

4

6

420

2-970

855

1644

8 0

0 13 2

e*

0

12

4

530

2-434

1-04

2440

8 0

0 19 6

6 t

0

18

3

466

2-435

11

2575

7 6

0 19 3

15

0

10

5

528

1-645

1-3

4200

9 0

1 17 9

15

1

11

3

424

1-937

1-2

3521

10 0

1 15 4

15

l

10

0

448

2-136

1 15

3069

10 0

1 10 8

15

1

a

2

419

none

2-083

M3

3092

10 0

I 10 11

allowed.

1

10

11

412

t The T ° Can( ^ es are estimated ti^milat * ver P°°l Old Company have since resorted to the use of Cannel coal, and consequently very nearly!

the Liverpool New Company in illuminating power. _'_j

betvp A ' NDUflTIt will not fail to be observed that in deducing the comparative value0 f een candles and gas by these experiments, the single jet (and in every instance,the Urse ^ was the same) has been the medium. This, however, though decidedlym °st correct way of making the comparative estimate of the illuminating power ofas Sey cral gases, is highly disadvantageous in the economical comparison, inasmucha p e ^ as burnt in a properly regulated argand burner, with its proper sized glass, airn n ^ re? and sufficient number of holes, gives an advantage in favor of gas consumedn °t h ar ^ ant * over a jet burner, of from 30 to 40 per cent. At the same time it mustf 0lJn , e overlooked, that in many situations where great light is not required, it will bebrack * ar more economical to adopt the use of single jets, which, by means of swingestaKr ? and Bght elegant shades, become splendid substitutes for candles, in banking^"°Te ^f aments > offices, libraries, &c. &c.

^ a rrot ? as £ ow > Edinburgh , Dundee, Perth , and the Scotch towns generally, theg^ s 0r Scotch Canrrel coal is used; in illuminating power and specific gravity theThe n Uced * s e< l ua l 1° that from the best description of Cannel coal in England.c °unt 1 ? e * > ? r cubic feet ranges about 9$., with from 5 to 30 per cent, off for dis-Ca udies CaV ^ n " tke ne ^ P r * ce a bout 9s. to be equal in the above table to 100 lbs. of

«JS2*. °**, Experiments made in Gas prodcced from different qualities of Coal , andTried® Mil* c5 ererit kinds of Burners:

ue Sheffield Gas Light Companys Works, and laid before a Committee of theHouse of Commons . By Joseph Hedley, Esq.

bate!

1835.;

description

Burner.

^?le JetDitto

Ditto] 4rgand(14 holesDittoDitto

Species ofCoal.

Deep Pit

Mortormley

Cannel

Deep Pit

Mortormley

Cannel

Specific gravityof Gas.

Distance ofCandle fromShadow.

Gas consumedper Hour.

Height of

Gas Flame.

Equal to Mould Tallow Can­ dles , 6 to thepound,9 incheslong each.

Gas equal to100 lbs. ofMould Candles.

Cost of Gas.at 8s. per 1000cubic feet.

Cost of 100 lbs.of Mould Can-dles at 7s. 6 d.per dozen lbs.

J

410

Inches

Cubic

Feet.

Inches

Candles.

Cubic

Feet.

L. s. d.

75

!

4

2-36

2415

0 19 3il

450

74

95

4

2*434

2224

o l? m

660

01J

-7

4

3-54

1127

0 9 0 1

3 2 6

410

34

3-3

3*

11*53

1631

0 13 0£ (

-450

33

31

U

12-24

1443

0 11 6£ j

660

29

2-6

3}

15-85

935

0 7 5fj