1204

SUGAR.

i settler®

■winch, in most common nse for making sugar, is known amongst the English ounder the name of jaggery. There is a caste in Ceylon , called j<’gS erar °’„ a r i smake sugar from the produce of the Caryola mens, or Kitul tree; and the- S . eith efstyled jaggery. Sugar is not usually made in Ceylon from the sugar cane; bu ^from the juice of the Kitul, from the Cocos nucifcra, or the Borussus Jlabdlifor 1 ' 1Palmyra tree.)

Several sorts of cane are cultivated in India . , juicS

The Cadjoolee (Jig. 1079) is a purple-colored cane; yields a sweeter and rich „ r o^than the yellow or light-colored, hut in less quantities, and is harder to press. ‘ . r n piein dry lands. When eaten raw, it is somewhat dry and pityj (])0 wnmouth, but is esteemed very good for making sugar. It is n “‘, a bo' ,eto the West India planter. The leaves rise from a point 6 > e ^ [e pre-the ground. An oblique and transverse section of the cane t-sented by the parts near the bottom of the figure. deeP cf

The Poorce is a light-colored cane, yellow, inclining to w * llte ’ on si<l eryellow when ripe and on rich ground. West India planters n pieit the same sort as one of theirs. It is softer and more j ulC f oar . I fpreceding, but the juice is'less rich, and produces a weaker j, r o-requires seven parts of pooree juice to make as much goor a (0 (lieduced from six of the cadjoolee. Much of this cane is brougCalcutta market, and eaten raw. , <»ro"' s

The Cnllorah thrives in swampy lands, is light-colored, an jugarto a great height. Its juice is more watery, and yields a wea (salso than the cadjoolee. However, since much of Bengal co ^. oa glit ;low grounds, and since the upland canes are apt to suffer fro®

B mill.-

it deserves encouragement in certain localities.

It is only large farms that cut an acre of cane in a .l ea - r ^, a tin? ^therefore, and one set of the implements used in insp®®^juice, although very rude and simple, serve for several ■ gpegenerally belong to some wealthy man, who lets them out ^ 0 ther'his poorer neighbors, the whole of whom unite to clearfields by turns; so that though many people anil cattle ar bped

at one of these miserable sets of works, very few indeed o>

and the greater part of the labor is performed by the commthe farms. ative®

The inspissated juice, or extract of cane, called by the n ^ tn eis of two kinds ; one of which may be termed cake extra ^ a b° Teother pot extract; both being often denominated jagg er V’stated, by the English residents. ,

One third of an acre of good land in the southern districts, is recK °,„''"„ 18,1

farmers t? prod<m P d ,^<1

ei W g9 l

pounds of cane y anupounds of pot extract. ^produce in cake extract *'

sbout 952 pounds.

I shall now describe the

primitive rude mill and hot *ter used in preparing theextract of sugar canes an ^ttdj/cJi are usually let to theryots by the day. The millin Dinajpur^ff. 1080, is onthe principle of a pestle andmortar. The pestle, ho#*ever, does not beat thecanes, bat is rubbed ngains'them, as js done in manychemical triturations; cnuthe moving force is W°oxen. The mortar is gene-rally a tamarind tree, oneend of which is sank deep

in the ground, to give

"■'•■> part pr°-

may

firmnessjecting, a > ’

The P»‘- mava ’ n’er en ^

"PVL a

- upp .

oe about two feet high, and a foot and a half in diameter; and ?" ntre of thlS?a hollow is cub like the small segment of a sphere. In the