1274

VARNISH.

This varnish will dry hard, if well boiled, in four hours in summer, and in six i® aJ)( jter. As the name denotes, it is intended for the varnishing of the wheels, springy i*carriage parts of coaches, chaises, &c. j also, it is that description of varnish jitjgenerally sold to and used by house-painters, decorators, &c.; as from its drying 4and strong gloss, it suits their general purposes well.

Second

8 lbs. of 2d sorted gum anime ;

2£ gallons of fine clarified oil ;

5 £ gallons of turpentine;

£ lb. of litharge;

carriage varnish,

i lb. of dried sugar of lead;

I lb. Of dried copperas.

Boiled and mixed as before.

8 lbs. of 2d sorted gum anime;3 gallons of clarified oil;

J lb. of litharge ;

£ lb. of dried sugar of lead

Wainscot varnish.

51 gallons of turpentine.

To be well boiledvery strong, and thenstrained.

it string*

""‘‘mixed and

Mahogany varnish is made either with the same proportions, with a little darker

. allP 1 >

otherwise it is wainscot varnish, with a small portion of gold size. other 1

i,.—'

Black japan is made by putting into the set-pot 48 pounds of Naples, or an) u “p gal-the foreign asphaltums, (except the Egyptian.) As soon as it is melted, pour J" inIons of raw linseed oil; keep a moderate fire, and fuse 8 pounds of dark § UI A/? er wa r d sthe gum-pot; mix it with 2 gallons of hot oil, and pour it into the set-pot. ■ „ t> iICfuse 10 pounds of dark or sea amber in the 10 gallon iron pot; keep stirrin» jjft dfusing; and whenever it appears to be overheated, and rising too high in the P 0 ffrom the fire for a few minutes. When it appears completely fused, mix in 2 g® j on ger,hot oil, and pour the mixture into the set-pot; continue the boiling for 3 e® 1

and during that time introduce the same quantity of driers as before directed; ^. reC ted >the fire, and let it remain until morning; then boil it until it rolls hard, as beforeleave it to cool, and afterwards mix with turpentine. amber Jil

Pale amber varnish. —Fuse 6 pounds of fine picked very pale transparent s tfoVr'the gum-pot, and pour in 2 gallons of hot clarified oil. Boil it until it strings ve^)^ ver! .Mix with 4 gallons of turpentine. This will be as fine as body copal, will t jje m° stfree, and flow well upon any work it is applied to; it becomes very hard, ® n “jj vc then 1 j 1durable of all varnishes; it is very excellent to mix in copal varnishes, 1° » |hard and durable quality. Observe; amber varnish will always require a W n :

time

be-

fore it is ready for polishing. ” f foreir ”

Best Brunswick black. —In an iron pot, over a slow fire, boil 45 pounds g ga*"asphaltum for at least 6 hours ; and during the same time boil in another ironIons of oil which has been previously boiled. During the boiling of the 6 g a ^ finger*’duce 6 pounds of litharge gradually, and boil until it feels stringy between bo

then ladle or pour it into the pot containing the boiling asphallum. ^e* „ a llo nSuntil, upon trial, it will roll into hard pills; then let it cool, and mix it "'it 5turpentine, or until it is of a proper consistence. . t an d bo >''

Iran -work black. —Put 48 .pounds of foreign asphallum into an iron P° > o £ jjthar? ’4 hours. During the first 2 hours, introduce 7 pounds of red lead, 7 P oun , ru „ of “ a ’ 03 pounds of dried copperas, and 10 gallons' of boiled oil; add 1 eight-P 0U j, 0 j]inSgum, with 2 gallons of hot oil. After pouring the oil and gum, continue ^ w ;th th J - rhours, or until it will roll into hard pills like japan. When cool, thin i^ j nten dedgallons of turpentine, or until it is of a proper consistence. This varnisblacking the iron-work of coaches and other carriages, &c. . . 28 poun® s 5 .

A cheap Brunswick black. —Put 28 pounds of common black pitch, g or 10 * 1 ° 0J . n -common asphaltum made from gas tar, into an iron pot ; boil “° j ear ]y ne* 1 jowhich will evaporate the gas and moisture; let it stand all night, ® 11 „iad ua !.?’ 0 ]1ing, as soon as it boils, put in 8 gallons of boiled oil; then lntr0 ua tTl it ' V1 ., n tilpounds of red lead, and 10 pounds of litharge, and boil for 3 hours, or more, j tvery hard. When ready for mixing, introduce 20 gallons °*', tur[ ' <1 !' anm ong ers ’ &C ’ ’of a proper consistence. This is intended for engineers, founders, 1 ; 5

will dry in half an hour, or less, if properly boiled. ^ ^ minutely the ^m°I e

flu®

Axioms observed in the making of copal varnishes.run, or fused, the greater the quantity, and the stiuus^* ■. ne( j. tne a nuregular and longer the boiling of the oil and gum together 4 .con m j x ture of 0 r eor free the varnish will extend on whatever it is applied to. Vr e " rn ; s h requires j S

gum is too suddenly brought to string by too strong a heat, the gatotoj 4 U ® q-jiethan its just proportion of turpentine to thin it, whereby well in luy^fom'cra*

reduced, which renders it less durable; neither will it flow sogreater proportion of oil there is used in varnishes, the less ‘jwbecause the tougher and softer they are. By increasing the propor