SPINNING.

239

as the creels behind the mules are not wanted in his system, this impediment to thesight of the girl would be removed. He schemed these machines for the purpose ofaltering, at a trifling expense, the common mules into self-actors; they are equallygood for any numbers of yarn.

Bastard Frame .—In his patent of 1838 and 1842, we find the description of avery simple bastard frame, namely, a throstle with mule spindles, forming cops, as seenin Jig. 155, and wound so hard that they can be handled about without any danger of155 spoiling them; in the same dimensions they contain one third

_ . more yarn than the best cops of self-actors. . The machine is

-- ~ -y extremely simple; but owing to some circumstances in the

\l - construction of the winders and plates, he has not been able

to spin advantageously upon large machines above No. 20’s.He has spun on it No. 56, and most beautiful yarn. The quantity this machineryproduces is nearly one third more than the best self-actor, on an equal number ofspindles, and the yarn and cops are much superior. Of course there is a coppingmotion connected with the machine: the' winding, however, is continuous, as well

Patents of 1838, and 1842.

as the twisting, and figs. 156 and 157, will give the reader an idea of the frame.The yarn coming from the rollers, A, goes through an eye, B, to the wire, C,fixed in the flyer, D, and from thence on to the mule spindle, E: as the spindlerevolves the flyer is dragged along, and by its centrifugal power winds the yarn lighthpon the spindles.