THE COMMON JUNIPER.
723
er( tam, Jlaunbiirgh, Leghorn, Trieste, and other European ports. In> duty (2s. per cwt.) was paid on 58.96 cwts.
(G "'Position.—J uniper berries were analyzed in 1822 by TrommsdorfQ^pelin’s Handb. d. Chem. ii. 1330); and in 1831 by Nicolet ( Thomson'sChem. p. 899). Trommsdorf obtained volatile oil TO, wax 4‘0,jj.bsf lO'O, a peculiar species of sugar with acetate and malate of lime(®*ce WI C 1 sa ^ s °f poto&h and lime 7 - 0, lignin 35‘0, water 12 - 9,
'.Oil of Juniper (Oleum Juniperi) may be obtained by submitting- the fruit, tops, oroth water. The full-grown green fruit yields more than the ripe
- 0(1 ^ •fufitper ^
Hi, ,t; ? distillation -
pui t .. . . „ ...
isjj ’ I'j r < in the act of ripening, a portion of the oil becomes converted into resin. Itth e jd*. » transparent, nearly colourless, and lighter than water. It has the odour ofA.c Co j! 1 and an aromatic, balsamic taste. It dissolves with difficulty in alcohol,a se c , £ to Blanchet, it consists of two isomeric oils: one colourless, and more volatile;that *!1 .coloured, and less volatile. The composition of oil of juniper is analogous to2 n 01 ! °f turpentine, being CIO H8.
Ipd f, esw ''~'I s S reen . according to Trommsdorf. Nicolet obtained it in the crystal-
fi;
3 tr? te > an d found it to consist of C 3 H 2 Ob
. ’rax —Is brittle. Consists, according to Nicolet, of C 13 TT 8 4 O 4 .
to Trommsdorf.
m fJ°r —Is crystallizable, and analogous to grape sugar, accordinglc olet describes it as being like molasses.
Axiological Effects. —Juniper berries and tops are analogous inh er • "Deration to the terebinthinate substances. Three ounces of theact on the larger herbivorous animals as a diuretic (Moiroud,hto Tn '. ^ter.) On man, also, these fruits operate on the urinary organs,() f j ( °bng the secretion of urine, to which they communicate a violeto Cc .(Cargillus, in Ray, Hist. Plant, t. ii. p. 1412). In large doses, theyl^on irritation of the bladder and heat in the urinary passages.Pp Murray, App. Med.) says, their continued use causes bloody urine.Tjj J promote sweat, relieve flatulency, and provoke the catamenia.Cotj t r . ac tivity is principally dependent on the volatile oil which theyail< l which, according to Mr. Alexander’s experiments ( Exper,%e P- 149, 1768), is, in doses of four drops, the most powerful of allp ’Ui'etic.s (see his Table, at p. 94).
in a —Juniper berries or oil are but little used in medicine. They% ^ e employed either alone or as adjuncts to other diuretic medicines,\° psica l disorders indicating the employment of renal stimuli. Van0 f th (Commentaries , Eng. ed. 12 mo . vol. xii. p. 431) speaks favourably
\ , Llr Use in mild cases of ascites and anasarca. In some affections ofIf^^-genital apparatus, juniper may be employed with advantage,titf] ’ 111 mucous discharges (as gonorrhoea, gleet, leucorrhoea, and cys-it may be used under the same regulations that govern thepeijg 1 brent of copaiva and the terebinthinates. Hecker ( Anweisung d.it j t| . frankh. quoted by Yoigtel, Arzneim. I3d. 2, Abt. 2, S. 510) praisedv be first stage of gonorrhoea.
^Ce- er ^ as l> een advised in some other diseases, but I do not think it\^ Sar .y to enumerate them. (Consult on this subject Vogt, Lehrb. d.
^' L,J t'odyn.; Richter, Arzneimittell; and Sundelin, Spec. Heilmittell).t Sv iIlNlSTRATI ON.—The dose of the berries is one or two drachmsW^- e( l with suarar. The infusion (prepared w T ith an ounce of the
Wt 6s ail d a pint of boiling w'ater) is a more convenient mode of exlii-
Oi
the dose is fgiv. every four hours.r Juniperi f ~
mode of preparing and the pre