866

ELEMENTS OF MATERIA MEDICA.

1556-60 (Bauhin’s Pinax ). In 1586, on the return of Sir Francis with the colonists, from Virginia, the practice of smoking was introinto England ; and, being adopted by Sir Walter Raleigh and other ctiers, soon became common ( Biograph. Brit. vol. v. p. 3471; and VWExotic, p. 310). . , er e

Various attempts, by writings, imposts, or bodily punishments, ^made in Europe to restrict or put down its use (Adam Clarke , ■^ tsse ‘ K [\.the Use and Abuse of Tobacco , 1767; Med. and Phys.Journ. vol.p. 451; and C. C. Antz, Tabaci Hist. Diss. Inaug. Berol. 1836)-said, that upwards of a hundred volumes were written to condeio 11 '

c ° unter S-

It*its

use

that upwards

and not the least curious of these is the celebratedto Tobacco ” oi James 1. {Works, p. 214, fol. 1616). Despite, andperhaps, as a consequence of these attempts, the use of tobacco ^«r>rpud and is now universal throughout the world {Asiat. J

spread, andvol. xxii

.TicOt,

NIC 1

The generic appellation Nicotiana is obviously derived from - .^ ethe name of an individual above referred to. The origin of the *1’,

name Tabacum is less satisfactorily ascertained.

'O'

It is

proi

ibablc

ho""

bv

the

Tig. 179.

the

ret'i 1 ’

ever, that the word is derived from tabac, an instrument used •.

TobaTo °„ W Ca ’; S r klng this herb ; th(m S h some ^rive it fro® tht!Tobago, others from Tabasco, a town in New Spain. .

Botany. Gen. Char.—C alyx urceolate, five-cleft. Corolla » nlC ]'

longer than the calyx, funmTsb a ! ,t ‘‘’five-cleft, regular. Stamens five.emarginate. Capsule two-valvedGall.)

Sp. Char. — Leaves sessile, oblo^hlanceolate, acuminate, the lower o1 ’

1] WR V/kWOM decurrent. Throat of the corolla »m a ur .

vcntricose; limb with acuminated st '°

ments (Bot. Gall.) . a

A viscid herb. Root brancl'j 1 ^fibrous. Stem three to six feet ’ >lh ’erect, round, hairy, branchingtop. Leaves very large, pale\yith glandular short hairs,linear, acute. Flowersend of the stem and brancheshairy. Corolla rose-coloured. Ova jovate ; style long and slender; s \ ci \,_ • . capitate, cloven. Capsule two- ce

“ lhe iop ’ ^

. especially the United iutes'ofAmeri^VirginkTs 1 the'moft celebr^jfor its culture. North of Maryland the plant is rarely seen ( UnitedDispensatory). In England the cultivation is restricted ; not more &half a pole being allowed “ m a physic or university garden, or >«AgrkultlTe)™ ” P ^ ^ chirur £ ei 7” (Loudon’s Encyclopedia $

Nicotiana rustica Common Green Tobacco , is cultivated in ^parts of the world. It yields a milder tobacco, and is said to have ^

Nicotiana Tabacum.

& A S

hrac u

panicled

sM 10