870 ELEMENTS OF MATERIA MEDICA.

heart remains unaffected; proving that tobacco disorders this ° r ^j 1( ,through the medium of the nervous system only. In the herbivovo _effects of tobacco, as of other vegetable poisons, are much less m arvomiting does not occur. Schubarth (Wibmer, Wirk. d. J ^ rznel1> !i xxe eGift. Bd. iii. S. 336) gave four ounces of the leaves to a horse, at ^times, within two hours. The pulse became irregular, then slower,wards quicker : respiration and the pupils were scarcelytwo days the stools and urine were more frequent. Moiroud (P j 6 .Vet. p. 364) observed no remarkable effect from the exhibition of acoction of four ounces of tobacco to a horse. ggeS s

It is remarkable that the empyreumatic oil of tobacco does not P os t)the same power of paralyzing the heart. Applied to the tongue of a ^one drop caused convulsions, and in two minutes death: on opentof?body, the heart was beating regularly and with force (Brodie, op- ^Its operation, therefore, is analogous to that of hydrocyanic acid-Monies (Ed. Med. and Surg. Journ. vol. xxxix. p. 383) says, if ^ aS , v( , ;tendency to induce convulsions than the empyreumatic oils ofhenbane, or the thornapple. . t ], e

(6.) On man. — In small doses, tobacco causes a sensation of heat tothroat, and sometimes a feeling of warmth at the stomach ; these en Jhowever, are less obvious when the remedy is taken in a liquid for 1 ® j pgSlargely diluted. By repetition it usually operates as a diuretic, an . sfrequently as a laxative. Accompanying these effects are oftennausea and a peculiar feeling usually described as giddiness, but tt jscarcely accords with the ordinary acceptation of this term. As drop^ cJlswellings sometimes disappear under the use of these doses, it h aSinferred that the remedy promotes the operation of the absorbents-larger doses it provokes nausea, vomiting, and purging. Th°ufc^_seldom gives rise to abdominal pain, it produces a most distressingsation of sinking at the pit of the stomach. It occasionally acts a l eC tsanodyne, or more rarely promotes sleep. But its most remarkable 6 . g)are languor, feebleness, relaxation of muscles, trembling of the tj..great anxiety, and tendency to faint. Vision is frequently eufee ^the ideas confused; the pulse small and weak ; the respiration s0Hie '^jjd,laborious ; the surface cold and clammy, or bathed in a cold sweat,in extreme cases, convulsive movements are observed. In excessivethe effects are of the same kind, but more violent in degree. Theprominent symptoms are nausea, vomiting, and, in some cases, p lir o g.extreme weakness and relaxation of the muscles, depression of thecular system (manifested by feeble pulse, pale face, cold sweats; atendency to faint), convulsive movements, followed by paralysis a®kind of torpor, terminating in death. jp.

Taken in the form of snuff its principal effect is topical. It cal ! seS ug e,creased secretion of nasal mucus, and, in those unaccustomed to lts 1( jsneezing. Getting into the throat it produces a feeling of acridity ;sometimes nausea. From some kinds of rappee I have expert 611 ^giddiness and great prostration of strength. Lanzoni (Christiso* 1 ; jPoisons) states, that an individual fell into a state of somnolency;died lethargic on the twelfth day, in consequence of taking too /^ersnuff. Reasonable doubt, however, may be entertained, I think, . e g[1 p-these accidents really arose from snuff. The habitual use of this - ^stance blunts the sense of smell and alters the tone of voice ; but