1014
ELEMENTS OF MATERIA MEDICA.
picked uncoated yellow (Calisaya) bark, and found that the P^ eC1 .^] uir icimpure quinia required two fluidscruples and five minims of sn l* g),acid to saturate it, instead of one fluidscruple, directed by the j 11 ^ 0 fCollege. In another experiment I could not get the impure sulpquinia to crystallize until it had been digested with animal charco
The method of manufacturing disulphate of quinia, which 11usually followed by manufacturers in this country, is as follows:
Coarsely pulverized yellow (Calisaya) bark is boiled with water acidulated aC j.
phuric or hydrochloric acid. The residuum boiled a second and a third jjme
dulated water. Some repeat the process a fourth time. Finely-powdered jj oei anais added to the filtered decoction (when cold), until the liquor is sensibly 3 id the 11 sU ^."acquires a dark colour. The precipitate is collected, drained on a cloth, an ^jpcJmitted to graduated pressure (usually in a hydraulic press). The cake thus 0 . c tlir e iswhen dry, reduced to powder, and digested in rectified spirit. The filtered ^ce-distilled until the residuum (impure quinia) in the retort has a brown viscid a Pr c jJ, d ,eThis residuum is then to be carefully saturated with very diluted sulphuric . ))e jsolution filtered, and set aside to crystallize. The sulphate of quinia thus o ] or jzcuyellowish-brown. It is drained in a cloth, compressed, dissolved in water, be
by animal charcoal, re-crystallized, and dried. This last part of the procesvery carefully conducted, to avoid efflorescence. • n Jnto a
Some persons think it preferable to convert the quinia of this alcoholic , st " u ' e fi, by *sulphate before distillation, in order to separate the fatty matter. I am inf 01, ^e, 3 .,maker of this salt, that the use of spirit in the process does not, on the large s t ,smuch more than a penny an ounce to the cost of the disulphate, as the g rearecovered. J ill a
On the large scale the decoction of the bark is usually prepay® cob'vat, the boiling being effected by steam. The acidulated decoc ^ c jji-tains the quinia, the cinclionia, the yellow colouring matter, thechonic, the kinic, and the sulphuric (or hydrochloric) acids. ■*- ^ jj a yesaturates all the acids, and forms soluble salts (if sulphuric ac ^been employed, sulphate of lime is formed, the greater part 0 ^,jgprecipitates), which remain in the liquid with a portion of redmatter. The precipitate is composed of quinia, cinchonia, a coin ^ sid'of lime and red cinchonic, fatty matter, excess of lime, and, c0ll ta-phqric acid has been employed, sulphate of lime: the whole ls B a ta tcminated with colouring matter. Alcohol extracts from this P rC 1Iia tttT jthe quinia and cinchonia, the fatty matter, and the colouring ^ freleaving undissolved the excess of lime, the compound of li nlt ‘ £ jjpic-red cinchonic, and, when sulphuric acid has been used, sulphate ^
The sulphuric acid being then added to the impure quinia, convera disulpliate. . pav e
On account of the expense of spirit of wine, various substitu ^ „otbeen proposed. Pyroxilic spirit has been tried, but I belie' e ^la-answered. Pelletier has taken out a patent for the employment otile oil (oil of turpentine). The dried cake of quinia and li®e> jj s sol veSin the usual manner, is to be digested in oil of turpentine, which ^. a te rthe quinia. This oleaginous solution is then to be agitated j B cd.acidulated with sulphuric acid, by which a sulphate of quinia is 0 j 0 yedBy repose the oil rises to the top, and after removal may he eu f^ glia J.again, while the solution of the sulphate is to be evaporated a * e th eHitherto, however, this process has not succeeded, partly bee ^turpentine does not extract more than 19-twentieths of tire quinia 1 cIf any attempts, however, should be made to procure the disi pe
west' 1 ! 1 'in