1120

ELEMENTS OF MATERIA MEDICA.

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compound, except in /3., aro mostly irregular in size. Bracts vanssize. Peduncle and calyx-tube commonly naked; their seta;, whensent, feeble and not numerous ; calyx-segments free from glands, or ^or less copiously fringed with them. Styles hairy. Fruit coral-r® ^more scarlet [usually oblong, elliptical or ovate, rarely somewhabose], soft and pulpy when ripe, with a pleasant somewhat acid(Hooker). &

Hab. —Indigenous. Thickets, hedges, &c.; very common.in June and July. Perennial. , 0 t

Description. —The fruit used in medicine under the name of thehep (fructus roses canines seu f. cynosbatij, is oval, composed exte t -f u llVof the persistent calyx, whose sides have become thick, fleshy, beaured, and shining; and internally, of numerous, hard, hairy akeniamonly called seeds, but which, in fact, are the carpels, or realcontaining each an exalbuminous seed. The pulp or fleshy rna *'* ;er oJ .j 11 ]b'

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persistent calyx is sweet, acidulous, and pleasant to the taste, esp eCia a ' swhen mellowed by the frost. The hairs surrounding the akenia a nmechanical irritants, like the hairs of the pods of the cowhage, anu gswallowed are apt to occasion gastric uneasiness, vomiting, and P rabout the anus; whence one of the French vulgar names for ^ iegratte-culs.

Composition. —According to Bilz (Gmelin, Handb. d. Chew- h- 0 f100 parts of the dried ripe fruit, deprived of akenia and hairs, c ° n ^ B ofthe following substances:— volatile oil a trace, fatty oil 0‘065,the scale 0 - 05, soft resin of the pulp T419, reddish-yellow0-463, tannin 0‘260, incrystallizable sugar 30 - 6, gum 25'0, e P. / a {eS,4 - 552, medullary fibre 14 - 0, citric acid 2 95, malic acid 7 776, clmalates, mineral salts, water (and loss) 12’805. . • jjfly

Physiological Effects and Uses. —The pulp is nutritive and s i irefrigerant and astringent. It is only employed in medicine m tparation of a conserve. ' _

Confectio Rosm Caninjf., L. Conserva Rosee Fructus, E. ^Cynosbali. Conserve of Hips. (Dog-Rose [Pulp of the ^.^eat inSugar, powdered, 3xx. Expose the pulp of the Rose to a gentlean earthen vessel; then gradually add the Sugar, and rub ^°^ et an fltVthey are thoroughly incorporated, L. —Take any convenient T 1 ^ [,)p,

Hips, carefully deprived of their carpels; beat them to aadding, gradually, thrice their weight of white sugar, E .) I n , gee ds)?paration of this conserve the akenia or carpels (commonly terme ^j 0l)with their hairs, must be carefully separated, on account of the l fjuitthey are apt to occasion (see above).—It is probable that tn pre-several varieties (or species?) are employed indiscriminately^°j eser ve sparation of this conserve. The observation of Sir .1. E. Smith autllI ni)>

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notice, that the flavour of the fruits, casually gathered late ih a “ gerV ipresent a great diversity of flavour {Eng. FI. ii. 395). This . c ° usoa ll ;being saccharine and acidulous, is nutritive and refrigerant. R lS ,. g . a 5employed as a convenient and agreeable vehicle for other reme vCf yfor a pill-basis, or for the making of electuaries or linctuses.agreeable pectoral linctus containing almond oil, and, sometim > u v jicof poppies, is made with this conserve, acidulated with ! 0 cah^acid. A drawback to the use of this conserve is its tendency 1or concrete by keeping.