+ ELEMENTS OF MATERIA MERICA.

3. Bitter Extractive. —Brown, very bitter, not crystallizable. Soluble in a c

ether, and slightly in water. . |,] e of

4. Canellin (Mannite ?). — A crystallizable, saccharine substance, mcap

undergoing the vinous fermentation. ^

Physiological Effects. —Canella bark is an aromatic stimid ant *tonic. Its aromatic qualities depend on the oil and resin ; its tonic

perties on its bitter principle. As an aromatic it ranks between cmon and cloves. . a( ]-

Uses. —In this country it is employed principally as an aroma 1 ^dition to purgatives and tonics (see pulvis aloes cum canella, D-, an gJl .aloes, p. 050 ; and tinctura gentianm composita, E. p. 897, and viiM

liana, E.); and is well adapted for debilitated conditions of the dig “organs- eS of

By the Caribs (the ancient natives of the Antilles ) and the ne °. ( j ere d

the West Indies , it is employed as a condiment. It has been consiuseful in scurvy.

Administration. —Dose of the powder, grs. x. to 5ss. -- ,i 0 W

Vinum Gentians, E. (Gentian , in coarse powder, Sss .; * .

Bark, in coarse powder, 3j.; Bitter-Orange peel, dried and slice’Canella, in coarse powder, 3j.; Proof-spirit, fjivss.; Sherry , 0)'fgxvj. Digest the root and barks for twenty-four hours in the *Padd the wine, and digest for seven days more; strain and express ^siduum strongly, and filter the liquors). This formula should have^introduced at p. 897.—Wine of gentian is an aromatic tonic, nse ^

dyspepsia and anorexia- It is apt to become acetous by keeping-dose of it is f 3ss. to f jj.

Order 67. Acrantia'ceaj Correa. —The Orange Trie®-

• s to t®*

Essential Character. — Calyx urceolate or campanulate, somewhat adhermj? ^e,disk, short, three- or five-toothed, withering. Petals three to five, broad at g f asometimes distinct, sometimes slightly combined, inserted upon the outs ^hypogynous disk, slightly imbricated at the edges. Stamens equal in numo apetals, or twice as many, or some multiple of their number, insertedhypogynous disk; filaments flattened at the base, sometimes distinct, s° ce [| e d; tcombined in one or several parcels ; anthers terminal, innate. Ovary m . a . n ?" ^.jth *style one, taper; stigma slightly divided, thickish. Fruit pulpy, many-celw > ^ t j,eleathery riml replete w ith receptacles of volatile oil, and sometimes separable ol js,cells; cells often filled with pulp. Seeds attached to the axis, sometimes nu ^.sometimes solitary, usually pendulous, occasionally containing moreembryosraphe and chalaza usually very distinctly marked; embryo straight ; cotyledon ^j| e dfleshy; plumule conspicuous .—Trees or shrubs, almost always smooth, al k ern aJ e >every where with little transparent receptacles of volatile oil. Leaves a ^,; n g-ed.often compound, always articulated with the petiole, which is frequently " BSpines, if present, axillary ( Lindley ). es icuk( r

Properties.—I n the bark, leaves, flowers, and rind of the fruit,arenumerous T r fU jtor rounded reservoirs, which contain a highly fragrant volatile oil. Pulp °*acidulous and refrigerant.

Citrus med'ica, Risso, E .*—The Citron-Tree-

Sex. Syst. Cob add phi a, Polyandria. ^

History. —The fruit of this species is supposed to be theTheophrastus (Hist. Plant, i. 22, and iv. 4). Pliny (Hist- A

jtiss°‘

* In the Edinburgh Pharmacopoeia, 1839, Lemons are referred to Citrus medtcO’

This is obviously a mistake.

of