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dissection of dead bodies was regarded by the early Christians ns a sacrilege ; and the emperor, Charles V. , ordered a con-sultation of the theologians of Salamanca, to determine whe-ther, in point of conscience, a body might be dissected, inorder to obtain a knowledge of its structure. It is said, thatthe earliest law enacted in any country for the promotion ofAnatomical knowledge, was passed in Great Britain in 1540,and permitted the united company of barbers and surgeons toliave yearly the bodies of four criminals to dissect.

The Anatomy of plants is a modern science, and was firstbrought into repute by the works of Grew and Malpighi ,published about the year lG“o.

ANCHOR. According to Pliny , the anchor was inventedby the Tuscans, though l’ausanins gives the honor to Midas,the son of Gordius, who founded the city of Ancyra . Themost ancient anchors were of stone, or any thing heavy,which being let down into the sea, might stay the course ofthe vesselj afterwards they were made of iron, and furnishedwith teeth or flukes—hence, odentes, teeth, are used by theGreek and Latin poets for anchors : at first, they hail only atooth, or fluke, on one side, the other, Pliny states, was addedby Eupalainus; but Strabo say3, by Anacharsis , about 550B. C., who is, therefore, reputed the inventor of anchors.These anchors resembled the modern, with the exception ofthe wooden beam :—the largest anchor belonging to a first-rate man-of-war weighs about 90 cwt. Sir S.imuel Morland(who died in 169G), invented the drum capstan, for weighingthe anchor. Beckman says, the ancients attached buoys totheir anchors.

ANCHOVY . Pliny mentions this sauce as having beenused by Apicius.

ANDROIDES. Automata, representing human figures,