SIN ( 827 ) SIS

Fr.) the act of rendering plain, clear,and simple. The state of any thins;that is made plain and simple. Thissubstantive, like the verb, is evidentlyborrowed from the Trench; who sayfamiliarly, Travailler a la simplificationdune affaire ; to endeavour to make amatter plain and conspicuous. The sim-plification of army accounts is perhapsone of the most desirable objects in fi-nance, especially during a war, when somany branches of service rendered themunavoidably complicated.

To SIMPLIFY. This word has beenadopted amongst men of business andarrangement, from the French simplifier ,which means to relate the bare matter offact. This signification likewise reachesevery species of analysis, &c.

SIMULATION , ( simulation , Fr.) thatpart of hypocrisy which pretends that tobe which is not; in contradistinction todissimulation , which is the act of dis-sembling; downright hypocrisy ; falla-cious appearance ; false pretensions; avice in no shape pardonable, except todissemble injuries.

SIMULTANEOUS, acting together ;existing at the same time.

SIMULTANEOUSLY, at the same

lime; in conjunction.

SINE, (sinus, Fr.) a kind of geome-trical line.

Right SrNE, (sinus clroit dun arc, Fr.)in geometry, is a right line drawn fromone end of an arc, perpendicular uponthe diameter drawn from the other endof that arc, or is half the chord, or twicethe arc.

Sine complement of an arc , (sinus to-tal, ou le sinus de f angle droit , Fr.) ingeometry, the sine of what that arc orangle is less than 90°, or what it isgreater than 90°, when it exceeds them.

Sine versed of an arc, (sinus versedun arc, Fr.) in geometry, an arc orangle less than 90°, being that part of,the diameter which is comprehendedbetween the arc and the right line.

SINECURE, from the Latin sine cu-rd, originally a benefice without cure ofsouls, or, of any employment. Dr.Johnson calls a sinecure an office whichlias revenue without any employment.Of this description, in a military sense,are those appointments which admit ofdeputies upon deputies : so that theoriginal holder receives the public moneywithout doing any public service ; anabuse that has been very justly repro-

bated by the select Committee of theHouse of Commons.

Sinew. To unsinew a horse, is to cutthe two tendons on the side of his head.

Sinew -shrunk. A horse is said to besinew-shrunk,when he is over-ridden,andso borne down with fatigue, that he be-comes gaunt-bellied, through a stilfnessand contraction of the two sinews thatare under his belly.

SiNEW-sprtt?ig is a violent attaint, orover-reach, in which a horse strikes histoe, or hinder feet, against the sinew ofthe fore leg.

The Sinews of War, monies arefiguratively so called.

SINGE, Fr. in drawing, a tracing orcopying machine. See Pantography.

Singe, Fr. literally a monkey ; awindlass, or draw-beam ; in mechanics,when an axle-tree, or a capstan, insteadof being supported by two jambs, isplaced upon two pieces of wood in theshape of St. Andrew’s Cross; it is calledsinge, or windlass. It is used to drawwater out of wells, or to raise, or letdown articles of weight or burthen.

SINGLE combat, a contest in whichnot more than two are engaged.

SINUS, Fr. See Line for its geo-metrical acceptation.

Sinus, in English , signifies a hay ofthe sea, an opening of the land; an)’ foldor opening.

SINUSOIDE, Fr. a geometrical curve,which has been imagined by MonsieurBelidor, for the purpose of balancing orpreserving the equipoise of a draw-bridge.See Science des Ingenieurs, liv. iv. Seelikewise the specific construction of thiscurve as explained by the Marquis deFHopital, in a book entituled, Acta Eru -ditorum, published at Leipsic, in 1695;and demonstrated by M. Bernouilli, whodiscovered, that this curve was nothingmore than the epicycloid, which isformed by one circle moving uponanother circle.

SIPHON, (syphon, likewise siphon,Fr.) in hydraulics, a crooked tube, oneleg or branch whereof is longer than theother. It is used in the raising of fluids,emptying of vessels, and in various hy-drostatica! experiments.

SIKKAR, hid. the government.

SIROC, from Sirius, the dog-star.The wind, which we call south-east, isso named in Italy .

SISTRLM, a musical instrument, ofan oval shape like a racket, which was5 NS