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SURVEILLANCE, Fr. inspection;superintendance ; the act of watching.The substantive is new among theFrench , and comes from Surveillet •, towatch.
SURVEY. A survey is an examina-tion of any place or stores, &c. toascertain their fitness for the purposesof war, &c.
SURVEYING, in military mathe-matics, the art or act of measuringlands; that is, of taking the dimen-sions of any tract of ground, layingdown the same in a map or drawing, iand finding the content or area thereof, j
Surveying , called also gcodasia, is a |very ancient art; it is even held to have !been the first, or primitive, part of ge- Ioinetry, and that which gave occasion ,to, and laid the foundation of, all therest.
Surveying consists of three parts: thefirst is the taking of the necessary mea-sures, and making the most necessaryobservations, on the ground itself; thesecond is, the laying down of these mea-sures and observations on paper; andthe third, the finding the area, or quan-tity, of ground there laid down. Thefirst is what we properly call survey-ing; the second we call plotting, pro-tracting, or mapping; and the thirdcasting up.
The first, again, consists of twoparts, viz. the making of observationsfor the angles, and the taking of mea-sures for the distances. The former ofthese is performed by some one or otherof the following instruments, viz. thetheodolite, circumferentor, semi-circle,plain table, or compass. The latter isperformed by means cither of the chain,or perambulator.
The second branch of surveying isperformed by means of the protractor,and plotting scale. The third, by re-ducing the several divisions, inclosures,&c. into triangles, squares, trapeziums,paralelograuis, &c. but especially tri-angles; and finding the areas or con-tents of these several figures. SeeLove's Geodasia ; and VVyld's PracticalSurveyor.
SURVEYOR of the Ordnance. SeeOrdnance.
SUSBANDE, Fr. the iron bandor plate which covers the trunnion be-longing to a piece or ordnance, or to a
mortar, when either is fixed upon itscarriage.
SUSCITER, Fr. to excite; to en-courage persons to rise. This fre-quently happens between neighbouringprinces.
SUSPECT, Fr. A term adoptedby the modern Trench, to signify anyperson suspected of being an enemy,or indifferent to the cause of the Revo-lution.—Hence, Classedes Suspects , Fr.The list of the suspected.—Repute sms-pect 9 Fr. Looked upon as a suspectedperson.
To SUSPEND, (Suspendre , Fr.) Ina military sense to delay, to protract.—Hence to suspend hostilities. It is like-wise used to express the act of depri-ving an officer of rank and pa} r , in con-sequence of some offence. This some-times happens by the sentence of ageneral court-martial, or by the sum-mary order of his Majesty through thecommander in chief.—In both cases, itis usual for the commanding officer ofthe regiment to report him to the gene-ral of the district, by whom he is againreported to the commander in chief,through the adjutant-general. He isthen directed, by letter to the com-manding officer of die regiment, to besuspeucied agreeably to the nature of thetransgression. In a trifling case, he isonly suspended from pay, and is respi-ted accordingly upon the next musterroll, for the government of the regimen-tal agent. Hut when the offence is ag-gravated by palpable neglect, or obsti-nacy in not sending a satisfactory reasonfor his absence, (which can only bedone by vouchers from the MedicalBoard, &c.) he is suspended from bothrank and pay. So that to be suspendedis either partially or generally to he de-prived of the advantages of a militaryappointment.
To Suspend hostilities , to cease
attacking one another.
SUSPENSION of Arms, a shorttruce which contending parties agree oil,in order to bury their dead, withoutdanger, or molestation ; to wait for suc-cours; or to receive instructions from
a superior authority. ^
Suspension, as a military pumsment, was probably intended to ope-rate as pecuniary fining docs inthe common law ; but (to use Mr*® u *7 livan s