IN SCOTLAND.

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charges from drains, may also be applied to the same pur-*pose. All pastures intended for the grazier require to bewell supplied with water at all times.

3. Access to every field is to be duly provided for ; not onlythat the live-stock may get easily out or in, without damageor fatigue, but regard also must be had to the necessary andconvenient carriage of manure and produce.

4. In all arable soils, the inclosures ought to be judiciouslylaid out, with a view towards facilitating their cultivation.For this purpose, short ridges, requiring frequent turnings,ought to be avoided; and, when the lands are steep, the op-posite extreme of too long a draught should be guardedagainst. In laying out the lines on slopes, or the feces ofhills, it is of importance that the direction of the plough inascending should incline to the right hand, in order to lessenthe draught, by making the furrow to fall gradually and easi-ly off the mould-board, while the plough goes diagonally upthe hill.

5. In arranging a plan for inclosure, a judicious landedproprietor will take various prospective objects into consider-ation. Thus, he may propose hereafter to bring more landunder cultivation and improvement, than the present occupantintends, or is able to improve. He may have a view towardsnew roads, or alterations in the present allignments. Hemay intend to form plantations at a future period.

6. In determining the lines of fences, care ought to be ta-ken to adapt the line, and the species of fence in view, to eachother. Thus, if it is to be a stone-wall, that it may standevery where equally firm ; if a ditch, that it may carry off allsuperfluous water; if a hedge, that it may prosper equallyWell all along the line. When this last point cannot be easilyattained, instead of adapting the line to the fence, the speciesof fence must be adapted to the line, and thorns, beech,larch, or other hedge plants are to be put in, according-asthe soil is suitable for their growth; or great pains are to be