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most of the well-managed districts of Scotland among thefarmers, and even the hinds, or married ploughmen, fre-quently prefer some substitute instead of that portion of theirgains.
PART IV.
OF THE ARTICLES PRINCIPALLY CULTIVATED FORTHEIR SEED.
The articles of farm produce cultivated in Scotland , for theirseed, are wheat, rye, barley, oats, beans, and peas ; althoughthe second of these, rye, is so little attended to in modernScotch husbandry, that it scarcely merits enumeration. Thefirst four of these grains, usually called culmiferous, or cerealgraminae, are considered as exhausting crops, or robbers ofthe soil j the two others belong to what are denominated legu-minous crops, naturally tending to fertilize the soil, by pre-paring it for the production of culmiferous grain, and by fur-nishing an increased stock of manure, for profitably carryingon the alternate system of husbandry, in a successful manner.Of the various soils to be found in Scotland , those of a clayeyor loamy nature are more particularly fitted for the produc-tion of wheat and beans, while the sandy and gravelly soilsare better calculated for the cultivation of rye and barley.Oats will grow on either of these, but are apt to fail, on verydry soils, in warm seasons. Peas are not now much cultiva-ted, in well managed districts, except when mixed with beans,and drilled and horse hoed. This pulse, however, still con-tinues to be grown in upland situations, or upon soils wherebeans cannot be raised with advantage. It is said that theyought never to be reared on the same ground, above once intwelve years.