2j]8 arboretum and fruticetum. partiii.

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the New York pine, ami it is sold at a lower price than that of P. australis,but higher than that of P. Ntrbbus. The long-leaved pine is the principaltree in the extensive pine barrens of the southern states. The timber of itis sent to England, principally from Savannah in Georgia, in planks called“ ranging timbers,” which are from 15 ft. to 30 ft. long, and 10 in. or 12 in.broad. At Liverpool it is called Georgia pitch pine, and is sold 25 or 30 percent higher than any other pine imported from the United States. Thetimber of P. Ntrobus is, however, that most generally imported into Eng-land from the United States; and the best is brought from the district ofMaine, particularly from the banks of the river Kennebeck. The personsengaged in felling this timber are generally emigrants from New Hampshire.“ In the summer they unite in small companies, and traverse these vastsolitudes in every direction, to ascertain the places in which the pines abound.After cutting the grass and converting it into hay for the nourishment of thecattle to be employed in their labour, they return home. In the beginningof winter they enter the forests again, establish themselves in huts coveredwith the bark of the canoe birch, or arbor vitrn ; and, though the cold is sointense that the mercury sometimes remains for several weeks from 40° to50“ Fahr. below the freezing point, they persevere in their labour.” (MichxNorth Amer. Syl. iii. p. 167.) When the trees are felled they cut them intologs of from 14 ft. to 18 ft. long; and, by means of their cattle, drag them tothe river, where they stamp them as a mark of property, and then roll them onits frozen surface, to remain till the breaking up of the ice enables them tofloat down the current. All the logs that come down the Kennebeck arestopped at Winslow, 120 miles from the sea; where each person selects hisown, and forms them into rafts with the intention of selling them to theproprietors of the numerous saw mills between that place and the sea; orof having them sawn into planks for his own benefit, at the price of half, oreven three quarters of the product in abundant years. The logs that are notsawn the first year, adds Michaux, are attacked by large worms, which formholes about 2 lines in diameter, in every direction; but, if stripped of theirbark, they will remain uninjured for thirty years. The district of Mainefurnishes three fourths of all the white pine exported from the United States,including what is brought from New Hampshire, by the Merimack, to Bos-ton. That cut on the shores of Lake Champlain is carried to Quebecby the Sorel and the St. Lawrence. “ What is furnished by the southernpart of the lake is sawn at Skeensborough, transported 70 miles in thewinter on sledges to Albany; and, with all the‘lumber’ of North River,