.chap. cm.

salica'ceas. sa'lix.

1583

* 141. S. Crowea'na Smith. Crowe’s Willow.

Identification. Smith Eng. Bot., 1.1146.; Willd. Sp. PI., 4. p. 675. j Smith in Rees’s Cyclo., No. 51. ;Eng. FI., 4. p. 192.; Forbes in Sal. Wob., No. 52.; Hook. Br. FI., ed. 3.

Synonymes. S. arbuscula Wahlenb., var. Koch Comm., p. 45.; S. hdmilis Sckl. is cited in Sal. Wob.as the female of S. Crowe etna Smith ; ? S. heterophylla Host.

The Sexes. Both sexes are described in Eng. Bot., and figured in Sal. Wob. Mr. Borrer deems thecase of the combination of the filaments to be one monstrous in the species, rather than innate and

Engravings. Eng. Bot., 1.1146.; Sal. Wob., No. 52.; and our fig. 52. in p. 1615.

Spec. Char., §c. Filaments combined below. Leaves elliptical, slightly ser-rated, quite glabrous, glaucous beneath. ( Smith Eng. FI.) Mr. Borrerregards (Eng. Bot. Suppl., t. 2660.; and Hook. Br. FI., ed. 2.) the combi*nation of the filaments as not a constitutional character of this species, butas only such of the individual, from which all the individuals that are in thiscase, that he has examined, have been propagated ; and he regards the stateas one founded in monstrosity. Fie has added, in argument: “ Indeed,” thestamens “are-represented in the Salictum Woburnense as changing into”ovaries,“ as those of S. bicolor Ehrhart, and some of the common sallows, have beenobserved to do.” See notices of instances below, and in p. 1454.; and Mr.Borrer has since found this change taking place in S. Crow edna, in his owngarden. He views S. nitens Anderson and S. Crow e.ana Smith as very closelyakin ; and, in the following notice of some differences between them whichhe has made (Eng. Bot. Suppl., t. 2660.), it may be inferred that what hedeems characteristic features are noticed : — “ The leaves of S. Crow edna areless pointed, almost obovate; in every stage without pubescence, even in thepetiole; their edges rarely waved, and more obscurely crenate; and thescales of the catkins, that is, the bracteas of the individual flower, shorterand rounder.” According to Hooker’s British Flora, ed. 2., Mr. Borrer findsthe ovary, not downy, as Smith has described it to be, “ but nearly glabrous,as figured in the Salictum Woburncnse.” A native of England (Smith), inswampy meadows and thickets, flowering in April and May. “ S. Crowe-dna, with submission, is not a Norfolk plant, but from the river Ettrick, nearSelkirk, whence Mr. Dickson sent it to Mr. Crowe; and he gave me freshcuttings from the same place three years ago, which turn out exactly thesame individual as Crowe’s from Dr. Smith.” (Mr. Anderson, in a letter toMr. Borrer, 1815.) The following traits are drawn from Smith’s detaileddescription in his English Flora: — “A bushy shrub, usually 4 ft. or 5 ft. high,wkh many stout, irregularly spreading, glabrous, leafy, brittle, brownishyellow branches. Leaves alternate, perfectly glabrous, on broadish glabrousfootstalks, uniformly elliptical, very rarely inclining to obovate, 1J in. long,more or less, acute, and often recurved at the extremity, contracted gra-dually at the base; the margin copiously, though not conspicuously, serrated,or rather crenate; the upper side of a deep shining green, under glaucous,veiny. The catkins appear before the leaves, and are about 1 in. long; thoseof the male of a bright yellow. This tfalix, when covered with male blossoms,is amongst, the most handsome; nor are the leaves destitute of beauty.” S.Crow edna has grown 10 ft. high with Mr. Borrer. Mr. Forbes has figureda curious monstrosity in the plant of this species which is ‘in the Woburnsalictum, of the catkins of the male changing into ovaries, with the style andstigmas perfect, as in the fertile flower. Mr. Forbes observed the progres-sive change of the stamens into ovaries. At first, he says, the filaments beganto thicken a little in the middle when they were united, and they graduallygrew into their subsequent shape, the filaments becoming pistils, and theanthers stigmas. Sir W. J. Hooker states that a similar alteration hasbeen remarked by Mr. Borrer in S. oleifolia, and Mr. R. Gee in S. cinerea.There are plants at Woburn, Henfield, and Flitwick.

st 142. S. bi'oolor Ehrh. The two-coloured Willow.

Identification. Ehrh. Arb., 118.; Hook. Br, FI., ed. 2., p. 427.; ?Hayne Abbild., p. 238.

Synonymes. S. tenuitblia Smith Eng. Bot., t. 2186., as to the figure; S. floribunda Forbes in Sal.Wob., No. 54. Koch, in his Comm., has identified S. bicolor Ehrh. with S. livida Wahlenb.-, andnoted that what is frequently cultivated in German gardens as S. bicolor Ehrh. is of another spe.

5 L