chap, cm,

■salica'cea:. po'pulus,

1645

containing nearly 120 ft. of timber. In Banffshire, at Gordon Castle, it is 70 ft. high, the diameterof the trunk 3 ft. In Clackmannanshire, in the garden of the Dollar Institution, 12 years planted,it is 50 ft. high. In Forfarshire, at Monboddo, 16 years planted, it is 25 ft. high ; at Courtachy Castle,14 years planted, it is 27ft. high. In Perthshire, at Taymouth, it is 60 ft. high, the diameter of thetrunk 3 ft., and of the head 25 ft. j in Messrs. Dickson and Turnbull’s Nursery, 28 years planted,it is 54 ft. high.

V6pulus alba in Ireland. In the environs of Dublin, in the Glasnevin Botanic Garden, 35 yearsplanted, it is 60ft. high. In King’s County, at Charleville Forest, 45 years planted, it is 120 ft. high jdiameter of the trunk 2 ft. 10 in., and of the head 2U ft. In the County of Down, at Ballyleady, 10years planted, it is 35 ft. high, diameter of the trunk l£ft., and of the head 33 ft. In Galway, atCoole, 70 years planted, it is 80 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 2|ft.

Vdpulus alba in Foreign Countries. I n France, at Toulon, in the Botanic Garden, 30 years planted, itis 50 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 2 ft.; at Avranches, in the Botanic Garden, 40 years planted, it is60 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 2| ft., and of the head 40 ft. In Hanover, at Gottingen, in theBotanic Garden, 40 years planted, it is from 70 ft. to 80 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk.from 2 ft. to3 ft., and that of the head 50 ft. In Saxony, at Worlitz, 60 years old, it is 50 ft. high, with a trunk 3£ft.in diameter. In Bavaria, in the Botanic Garden, Munich, 24 years old, it is30 ft. high, the diameter ofthe trunk 1 ft. } in the English Garden, 30 years planted, it is 50 ft. high. In Austria, at Vienna, atLaxenburg, 80 years old, it is 45 ft. high; at Kopenzel, 18 years planted, it is 20ft. high ; in thegarden of Baron Loudon, 30 years planted, it is 36 ft. high ; the diameter of the trunk 14in., andof the head.16ft. ; at Briick on the Leytha, 60 years old, it is 90ft. high, the diameter of the trunk1$ ft., and of the head 60 ft. In Prussia, at Berlin, at Sans Souci, 50 years old, it is 60.ft. high, thediameter of the trunk 2£ft., and of the head 28ft. In Italy, in Lombardy, at Monza, 30 years old,it is 70 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 2 ft., and of the head 40 ft.

Commercial Statistics. Price of plants, in the London nurseries, 25s. perhundred, or, when of large size, Is. each ; at Bollwyller, 1 franc each.

i 3. P. tre'mula L. The trembling-feared Poplar, or Aspen.

Identification. Lin. Sp. PI., 1464.; Du Hoi Harbk., 2. p. 148 .5 Willd. Arb., 228. ; Sp. PI., 4. p. 803.;Spreng. Syst. Veg., 2. p. 244.; Dill. Diet., No. 2.; Pall. FI. Ross., 1. p. 65.; Smith Eng. Bot., 1 .1909.;Engl. FI., 4. p. 244. ; Hook. FI. Scot., 289.; Mackay FI. Hibern., pt. 1. p. 254. j Du Ham. Arb., ed.iiov., 2. p. 183.; Hoss Anleit., p. 153.

Synonymes. P. No. 1633., Hall. Hist. , 2. 303.; P. libyca Rail Syn. 456. ; P. hibrida Dod. Pempt836., Raii Syn., 446.; P. nigra Trag. Hist., 1033., tig.; P. pendula Du Roi; le Tremble, Fr. ; laTremola, Alberalla, Alberetto Ital. ; Zitter-Pappel, Espe, Ger.

Derivation. The English name of Aspen is evidently derived from the German, espe.

The Sexes. Both sexes are described in the English Flora. A male plant was flowering in the LondonHorticultural Society’s arboretum in the spring of 1835. The plant growing in the CambridgeBotanic Garden a few years ago, and perhaps still growing there, was a male one.

Dngravings. Eng. Bot., 1.1909.; T. Nees ab Esenbeck Gen. PI. FI. Gbrm., fasc. 1., the catkins of thefemale, the flowers of both sexes, and the fruit; Blackw., t. 248.; Ger. Em., 1487. fig.; Lob. Ic.,2. 194. fig.; Bauh. Hist., 1. 163. fig.; Matth. Valgr., 1. 125. fig.; Cam. Epit., 67. fig.; Dod. Pempt.,836. fig.; Dalech. Hist., 87. fig. j Treg. Hist., 1083. fig. j Hayne Abbild, t. 203.; our fig. 1509. j andthe plate in our last Volume.

Spec. Char., $c. Young branchlets hairy. Leaves having compressed foot-stalks, and disks that are roundish-ovate, or nearly orbicular; toothed in arepand manner, downy when young, afterwards glabrous on both surfaces.Stigmas 4, erect, eared at the base. ( Smith, Willd.. Spreng .) It is a nativeof rather moist woods, as well as of various other situations throughoutEurope. ( Smith in Rees’s Cyclop.') It flowers in Britain in March andApril.

Varieties. In our opinion, P. trepida, P. grandidentata, and P. grae'ea arenothing more than different states of P. tremula; nevertheless, we have fol-lowed the authorities, and given them as species, inserting below only whatare considered as varieties of P. tremula. Among the specimens sent byProfessor Mertens to Sir J. E. Smith, before mentioned (see p.1640.), thefollowing approximate to P. tremula : —

JP.tl monticola, P. monticola Mertens. —The professor seems to thinkthis the genuine P. tremula of Linnaeus. The specimen is of a maleplant.

i P. t. % parvifdlia Mertens. —There are specimens of both sexes of thisvariety.

1 P. f, 3 grandifolia Mertens. — The specimen is of a female plant,i P. (. 4 rotundifolia major Mertens. — The specimen is of a male plant.

P. t. 5 minor Mertens. — This specimen is of a male plant.

It P. t. 6 oxyodonta, P. oxyodonta Mertens. — The professor appears todoubt whether this is only a variety of P. tremula. Smith de-scribes the teeth of the leaves of the species as nominally blunt:oxyodonta signifies sharp teeth; and in the specimen the teeth ofthe leaves are rather pointed. It is of a male plant.

I P, (, 7 stricta, P. stricta Mertens. — The professor appears doubtful