CHAP. CIV.

BETUI.A'CEjE. ^'LNUS.

1689

but, like that of all the alders, it becomes reddish when it comes in contactwith the air. The dwarf stature of this, and all the other American alders,renders them of no use as timber trees; but, according to Rafinesque, theleaves are vulnerary and astringent. The bark is styptic, and is used fordyeing brown, and, with vitriol, black. The inner bark of the root is emetic,and dyes yellow. The female catkins also dye black. Plants, in the Lon-don nurseries, are from 1«. to Is. 6 d. each ; and seeds Is. per oz. At Boll-wyller, plants are 1| franc; at New York, 15 cents.

Sfc 5. A. undula'ta Willd. The v/aved-leaved Alder.

Identification. Willd. 6p. PI., 4. p. 336.; Baum., p. 21. ; Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836.

Synonymes. 2?etula crispa Ait. Hort. Kew., 3. p. 339. j B. A Inus var. crlspa Michx. Fl. Bor. Atner.

2. p. 181. j A. crispa Pursh Fl. Amer. Sept., 2. p. 623., N. Du Ham., 2. p. 216.

Spec. Char., SfC. Leaves oblong, acute, rounded at the base; petioles andveins hairy on the under side ; axils of the veins naked; stipules ovate-oblong. {Willd. Sp. PI. , iv. p. 336.) A shrub, not above 3ft. or 4 ft. high;a native of Canada, and on high mountains in sphagnous swamps in Penn-sylvania. In the Berlin Botanic Garden, according to Willdenow, it was15ft. high in 1811. Plants, in the London nurseries, are 2s. 6 d. each; andat New York, 20 cents; and seeds 1 dollar and 25 cents per pound.

V 6. A. cordifo'lia Lodd. The heart-leaved Alder.

Identification. Lodd. Bot. Cab., t. 1231.

Synonymc. A. cord&ta Tenore Prod., 54., Hayne Dend., p. 153.

Engravings. Bot. Cab., 1.1231.; our fig. 1545.; and the plate of this species in our last Volume.

Spec. Char., 8fc, Leaves heart-shaped, acuminate, dark green and shining.{Tenore.') A tree of similar magnitude to the common alder; a native ofCalabria and Naples, in woods. Introduced in 1820, and flowering in Marchand April, before the developement of the leaves.

“ A large and very handsome round-headed tree,with broad, deep green, shining leaves, deeplyheart-shaped at the base. It grows with rapidity,and is one of the most interesting ornamentaltrees that have of late years been introduced.”

(Penny Cyc., art. Alnus.) It is a most distinctspecies; and, though a native of the kingdom ofNaples, it is perfectly hardy. It ripens seeds in the climate of London, andmight easily be rendered as common as A. glutinosa. There is a veryhandsome tree in the collection of Messrs. Loddiges; and another in theHorticultural Society’s Garden. Plants, in the London nurseries, areIs. 6d. each ; at Bollwyller, 2 francs; and at New York, 50 cents.

it 7. A. vi'ridis Dec. The green-leaved Alder.

Identification. De Candolle PI. Fl., 3. p. 304.

Synonymes. A. ovkta Lodd. Bot. Cab., t. 1141.; ,4'lnus fruticosa Schmidt ; 2?etula ov&ta SckrankSal, No. 159.. Fl. Bav., 1. p. 419., as quoted in N. Du Ham., 3. p. 206., Willd. Sp. PI., p. 465.,Wats. Dend. Brit., t. 96., Host Fl. Aus. 2. p. 625.; B. A'\no-Bo\.\i\& Ehrh. Beytr., 2. p. 72.; B.viridis Hort.

Engravings. Dend. Brit, t. 96.; Bot. Cab., t. 1141.; Schmidt CEstr. Baum, 3. 1.189. ; and our fig.1546., in which a is the ament, or male catkin ; b, the male flower magnified; c, the stamen magtmfled ; d, a longitudinal section of the cone or female catkin ; e , and g, transverse sections of the cone,to show the position of the scales ; /, the female catkins ; h, the samara, or seed, with its wings.

Spec. Char., S[c. Leaves ovate, doubly serrated, glabrous. Peduncles of thefemale catkins branched. Scales of the strobiles having equal lobes, trun-cate-nerved. {Willd. Sp. PL, iv. p. 465.) A large shrub, or low bushy tree :a native of the high mountains of Hungary, Styria, and Carinthia; and ofGermany, in the neighbourhood of Salzburg. Flowering, in Messrs. Lod-diges’s collection, in March and April; and ripening its seed in August. Itwas introduced in 1820. This plant is considered by many botanists asintermediate between the alders and the birches. It agrees with the alders,in having the peduncles of the female catkins ramose; and in generalappearance it resembles the .4'lnus incana in a young state : but it belongsto the birches, by the parts of its fructification, and by the number of its