1716

ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM.

PART III.

a large scar at the base: they have 1 cell, and 1, 2, or 3 seeds. —Species few. Natives of the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere.Leaves alternate, annual, feather-veined, plaited in the bud. (T. Nees abEsenbeck Gen. FI. Germ.; Smith Eng. FL, iv. p. 150—152.; and obser-vation.)

C'o'rylus Lin. Flowers unisexual; those of the two sexes in distinct cat-kins upon the same plant. — Male flowers in cylindrical catkins. Bracteassessile, imbricate. Two perigonial scales, that cohere at the base, areadnate to the under surface of the bracteal scale. Stamens 8, insertedupon the perigonial scales towards their base, and in about the line of theircohesion. Anthers bearded at the tip of one cell. — Female flowers in abud-like catkin, which is developed into a branchlet: the flowers are borneat its tip. Bracteal scales ovate, entire. Ovaries many, very minute ;grouped; each invested with minute, lacerated, villous, involucral scales,that cohere at the base; having 2 cells, each including 1 ovule, and thisapparently erect when young, pendulous when adult. Calyx not obvious;formed of a slightly villous membrane, that covers the ovary to the tip, and,as the ovary progresses to a nut, adheres to it most closely, and becomespart of the shell. Stigmas 2, long, thread-shaped.—Fruit. Nut ovate;included in a large, leafy, tubular involucre, that is lacerate at the tip;without valves, or, very rarely, with 2 ; scarred at the base; by abortion,1-seeded. Seed adhering to the remains of the dissepiment. — Speciesfew. Large shrubs and trees, occurring in the colder zones of thenorthern hemisphere. Leaves alternate, entire, feather-veined. Flowersprotruded before the leaves. ( T. Nees ab Esenbeck Gen. PI. FI. Germ., andobservation.)

Ca'rpinus Toarn. Flowers unisexual; those of the two sexes in distinctcatkins upon one plant. — Male flowers. The catkin lateral, sessile, cylin-drical. The bracteas imbricate. The flower consists of 12 or more sta-mens, inserted at the base of a bractea. Anthers bearded at the tip, 1-celled.— Female flowers in lax terminal catkins. Bracteas of 2 kinds,outer and inner : outer bracteas entire, soon falling off; inner bracteasin pairs, each 3-lobed, with the side lobes much the smaller, forming aninvolucre about an ovary. Calyx clothing the ovary to near its tip, andadhering to it; toothed at the tip. Ovary with 2 cells, an ovule in each ;the ovule early pendulous: one of them becomes abortive. Style veryshort. Stigmas 2, long, thread-shaped. — Fruit. Nut attended by theinvolucre, and ovate, compressed, ribbed, clothed except at the base, andtipped with the adnate thin calyx; woody; including one seed.—Speciesabout 3. Natives of Europe, the Levant, and North America. Leavesalternate, annual, feather-veined, plaited in the bud. ( T. Nees ab EsenbeckGen. PI. FI. Germ. Illustr.)

O'strva Michx. Flowers unisexual; those of the two sexes in distinct cat-kins upon the same plant. — Male flowers. The bracteas of the catkinsimple, imbricate. Flower of 12 or more stamens, inserted at the baseof a bractea; filaments branched, each branch bearing an anther; antherseach of 1 cell. — Female flowers. Bracteas small, deciduous. Involucralscales in pairs, hairy at the base, the pair growing together at their opposededges, and constituting an inflated covering to the ovary, which it conceals.Calyx investing the whole ovary, and extended at the tip into a very shortciliate tube. Ovary having two cells, and 1 ovule in each. Style short.Stigmas 2, long, thread-shaped.— Fruit a nut, minute, ovate, even; beardedat the tip ; 1-seeded from abortion ; covered by an inflated, nerved, mem-branous involucre. The fruits of a catkin imbricately disposed into anovate spike.—Species few. Trees, natives of the temperate zones of bothhemispheres. Leaves alternate, annual, feather-veined. ( T. Nees ab Esen-beck, and observation.)