CHAP. CV.

CORYLA'CETE. que'rcus.

1731

A. Leaves deciduous.

§ i. 'Robur. British Oaks.

Sect. Char. Leaves lobed and serrated ; dying off of a yellowish or russetbrown. Bark rough. Buds ovate. Fructification annual. Cups imbricate.Trees from 30 ft. to above 100 ft. high.

i 1. Q. peduncula'ta Wil!d. The common, or peduncled, British Oak.

Identification. Willd. Sp. PI., No. 65. ; Ehr. Arb., 77.; PI. Off!, 169.

Synonymes. Q. Abbur Lin. Sp. PI., 1414., Sm. FI. Br., No. 1., Eng. Bot., t. 1342., Woodv. Med. Bot.,1.136.; Q. K. pedunculatum Mart. FI. Rust., 1.10. j Q. fce'mina Roth Germ., 1., p. 408., 2. p. 2.488.,Ft. Dan., t. 1180.; 6. racfemosa N. Du Ham., 7. p. 177., Lam. \Dict., 1. p. 715.; Q. cum longopedunculo Bauh. Pin., 420.; Q. H6 meris Dalech. Hist., 4.; Quercus Fuchs Hist., 229., Matth. Valgr.1. p. 184., Tabern. Kreuterb., 1374.; Q. navklis Burnet; Chene blanc Secondat, p. 16. t. 3. ; Chenek Grappes, Chene femelle, Gravelin, Fr. ; Stiel Eiche, friih Eiche, Thai Eiche, Lohe Eiche,Wald Eiche, Ger.

Derivation. The French and German names signify the white oak, the bunch-fruited oak, the femaleoak, the stalked oak, the early oak (alluding to the production of the leaves), the valley oak, thetanning oak, and the wood oak.

Engravings. Eng. Bot., t. 1342.; Woodv. Med. Bot.,t. 126.; Mart. FI. Rust.,t. 10.; FI. Dan.,t. 1180.; Du Ham. Arb., 2. t. 47.; Hunt. Evel. Syl., t. in p. 69.; N. Du Ham., 7. t. 54.; Willd.Abbild., t. 140.; our Jig. 1567.; and the plates of this tree in our last Volume.

Spec. Char.,$c. Leaves deciduous, oblong, smooth,dilated upwards; sinuses rather acute; lobesobtuse. Stalks of the fruit elongated. Nutoblong. (Willd.) Atree, from 50ft. to above100 ft. high, with spreading tortuous branchesand spray, and, when standing singly, with a headoften broader than it is high. It flowers inApril, and ripens its fruit in the Septemberfollowing.

Varieties.

$ Q . p. 2 pubescens Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836.—

Leaves downy beneath. There are plantsat Messrs. Loddiges’s, with downy leaves,and the acorns on long footstalks; whichshows that they cannot belong to the Q.pubescens of Willd.

31 Q. p. 3 fastigidta ; Q. fastigiata Lam. Diet.,

i. p. 725., N. Du Ham., vii. p. 178. t. 55., Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836;Q. pyramidalis Hort.; Chene Cypres, Chene des Pyrenees, Fr.;and the plate of this tree in our last Volume. —This is a hand-some tree, resembling in general form the Lombardy poplar. Itis found in the valleys of the Western Pyrenees, and in the Landes,near Bordeaux, though but sparingly. According to Jaume Saint-Hilaire (Traite des Arb. For.), though it is found in the Pyrenees,the Basse Navarre, and the neighbourhood of Bordeaux, it isthought to be originally from Portugal. Capt. 8. E. Cook foundit in the Pyrenees, in the line to Bayonne, but rarely. He describesit as having a trunk rising only a little way above the roots, andthen spreading into a head composed of small branches, as nu-merous and as vertical as those of the cypress. Bose (Mem. sur lesChenes) describes it as the handsomest of all the oaks for orna-mental landscape; in our opinion an error in taste which he hasfallen into from the novelty of its form in the oak family, since it iswithout either the grandeur or the beauty of the common species. Inthe Nouveau Du Hamel, a tree of this variety is mentioned, which hadbeen sown in 1790; and, though it was twice afterwards transplanted,was, in 1819, upwards of 40ft. high. There are plants at Messrs.Loddiges’s, and a tree in the Horticultural Society’s Garden, of whichlatter the plate in our last volume is a portrait. A tree at Carlton,near Darlington, in 1835, was 20 ft. high, after being twenty years5 u 3