CHAT. CV.

CORYLA'CE/E. Ca'rPINUS.

2005

Synonymes. Carpinus Matth. Valgr., 1. p. 131., Cam. Eptf.,71., Dod. Pempt., 841., Hall. Hist. , 2.p. 298. No. 1627. ; O'strya Bauh. Pin ., 427., Raii Syn., 451. j 0'rnus Trag. Hist.> 1109.; i^igusBauh. Hist.y 1. p. 2. 146. f.; 2?£tulus Lob. Ic ., 2. 190. f.

Engravings. Eng. Bot., t. 2032.; FI. Dan., t. 1345.; Lob. Ic., 2. p. 190., f. j N. Du Ham., 2. t. 58.;and the plates of this tree in our last Volume.

Spec. Char., SfC. Bracteas of the fruit flat, oblong, serrated, with two laterallobes. (Smith.) A deciduous tree, a native of Britain, and of various partsof Europe, in magnitude and general character resembling the commonbeech.

Varieties.

S C.B. 2 incisa Lodd. Cat., 1836; C. v. yuercifblia Desf.; C. v. hetero-phylla Hurt. ; has the leaves deeply cut. There are plants in theHorticultural Society’s Garden, and in the arboretum of Messrs.Loddiges; one at Cheshunt, 6 years planted, and 17 ft. high; andone at Kinfauns Castle, 15 ft. high, with a trunk 2| in. in diameter.C. B. 3 variegata Lodd. Cat., 1836, has the leaves variegated.Description, S;c. The hornbeam, according to Sir J. E. Smith, is generallya “ rigid tree of humble growth but one which “ when standing by itself,and allowed to take its natural form, will make a much handsomer tree thanmost people are aware of.” (-Eng. FI., iv. p. 156.) Miller says that, whengrowing under favourable circumstances, it will attain the height of 60 ft.or 70 ft., with a tolerably straight trunk, and bushy head, particularly on coldstiff clay; but it is very seldom allowed to become a timber tree. Being ex-

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tremely patient of the knife, and forming excellent hedges, it is generally cutin when young; so that the few old trunks yet remaining in the country, of anysize, are pollards. The trunk is generally flattened or irregular in its shape,being very rarely, if ever, round ; and it seldom measures more than from 6 ft.

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