1348

ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM.

PART III.

is 30 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 15 in., and of the head 25 ft. At Hagley, 20 years old, it is10 ft. high, diameter of trunk 18 in., and of the head 11 ft.

M. nigra in Scotland . The following specimens are all against walls. In Mid-Lothian, at GosfordHouse, 15 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 1 ft. 3 in., and of the space covered by the branches 21 ft.In Haddingtonshire , at Tynningham, 14ft. high, diameter of the trunk 1 ft. 8 in., and of the head30 ft. In Renfrewshire, at Erskine House, 15 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 1 ft. 2 in., and of thehead 17 ft. Jn Banffshire, at Gordon Castle, 12ft high, against a wall. In Perthshire, at KinfaunsCastle, 8 years planted, and 4ft. high. In Ross-shire, at Brahan Castle, 6 years old, and 10 ft. high,extent of the branches 18 ft.

M. nigra in Ireland . Near Dublin , in the grounds at Terenure, there is a remarkable specimen,the trunk of which divides, close by the ground, into five limbs, nearly of equal bulk, the largestexceeding 10 in. in diameter, height 25 ft., circumference of the head 130 ft. At Castletown, 30 fthigh, diameter of the trunk 2 ft. 6 in,, and of the head 30 ft. In Galway , at Coole, 14 ft. high,diameter of the trunk 8 in., and of the head 14 ft. In Sligo , at Makree Castle, 8 years old, it is 8 ft,high, diameter of the trunk 5 in., and of the head 7 ft.

M. nigra in Foreign Countries. In France , at Nantes , in the nursery of M. De NerriSres, 60 yearsplanted, it is 49 ft. high, with a trunk 2§ ft. in circumference. In the Botanic Garden , at Avranches ,40 years planted, it is 40 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 1 ft., and of the head 20 ft. In Saxony ,at Worlitz , 30 years old, it is 19 ft. high j the diameter of the trunk 6 in. In Cassel, at Wil-helmshdhe, 7 years planted, it is 6 ft. high. In Bavaria , at Munich , in the Botanic Garden , 18 yearsplanted, it is 20 ft. high. In Austria , near Vienna , at Briick on the Leytha, 42 years old, it is 33 ft.high, the diameter of the trunk 9 in., and of the head 15 ft. In Prussia, near Berlin , at Sans Souci,70 years old, it is 30 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 14in., and of the head 11 ft In the PfauenInsel, 40 years old, it is 30 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 13 in., and of the head 44ft.

% 2. M. a / lba L. The white-fruited Mulberry Tree .

Identification. Lin. Hort. Cliff, 441. j Mill. Diet,, No. 3. j Willd. Sp. PI. , 4. p. 368. j N. Du Ham., 4.p. 87.

Synonymes. M. Candida Dod. Pempi., 810. ; M. frOctu albo Bauh. Pin., 459. j M. alba fructu. minori albo insulso Du Ham. Arb., 2. p. 24.

Engravings. Schkuhr Handb., 3. 290.; T. Nees ab Esenbeck Gen. PI. FI. Germ., fasc. 3. No. 5.f 1—6., the male j and our plate in Vol. III.

Spec. Char., fyc. Leaves with a deep scallop at the base, and either heart-shaped or ovate, undivided or lobed, serrated with unequal teeth, glossy, or,at least, smoothish ; the projecting portions on the two sides of the basal sinusunequal. {Willd. Sp. PI.) A deciduous tree, growing to the height of 30 ft.A native of China . Introduced in 1596 ; flowering in May, and ripeningitsfruit in September.

Varieties. —These are extremely numerous ; and the same kinds are even dis-tinguished in different countries by different names. The following aresome of those most generally cultivated for their leaves, as affording food forthe silkworm: —

3 E a M. a. 2 multicaulis Perrottet in Ann. de la Soc. Lin. deParis, Mai, 1824,p. 129., Lodd. Cat. , ed. 1836; M. tatarica Desf., but not of Lin. orPall.; M. bullata Balbk ; M. cucul-■ lata Hort. ; Chinese black Mulberry,

Amer. ; Perrottet Mulberry, many-stalked Mulberry; Murier Perrottet,

Fr.\ Murier a Tiges nombreuses,

Murier des Philippines, Ann. des Sci.,i. p. 336. pi. 3.; and our fig. 1223.;

Moro delle Filippine, Ital. — Thisvariety was introduced into France ,in 1821, by M. Perrottet, “agricul-tural botanist and traveller of themarine and colonies of France, ” fromManilla , the capital of the Philippine Islands ; into which country it had

been brought as an ornamental tree, some years previously, fro®China . It is considered, both in Italy and France , as by far thebest variety for cultivation as food for the silkworm. It is a tree,or, rather, a gigantic shrub, as the name implies, of rapid growthwith vigorous shoots, and large pendulous leaves, which, evenin poor dry soils, are 6 in. long, and 8 in. or 9 in. broad; but which, ®rich humid soils, are often 1ft. in breadth, and 15 in. or 16 in. ®length. They are convex on the upper surface, of a beautiful gloss)green, and of a succulent texture. The fruit of this variety was un-known in Europe till 1830. It is long, black, and of a flavour some’