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own. It was raised in 1817, by Mr. Masters. The steins areerect; and it does not appear likely to exceed 30 ft. in height. Itproduces an abundance of twigs, and these are in great part pendu-lous, whence its name. There is a fine tree of this variety in theHorticultural Society’s Garden, which, in 1834, when we had adrawing taken of it, was 30 ft. high.
K U. c. 13 parvifolia ; U. parvifolia Jac. PI. liar. Hort. Schcenbr., iii. p. 261.t. 262., Pair. Encycl. Su/ppi. , iv.p. 189., Rmm. et Schult. Spat. Veg.,vi. p. 302., Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol., i. p. 295., Willd . Baumz., i. p.521.; Z7. microphylla Pers.; U. pumila var. /3 (transbaicalensis) Pall.Ross.,i. p. 76.t.48.; U. pumila Willd . Sp. PL, i. p. 1326., Ait. Hort.Kew., Gruel. Sib., iii. p. 105. No. 82., Poiret Encyc. Meth. , iv. p. 612,Rmm. et Schult. Syst. Veg.,y i. p. 202. ; U. p.fdliis parvis, &c., Pink Aim., p. 293.; U.humilis Enum. Stirp. Ruth., p. 180. No. 260.;and our fig. 1230. — A tree, according toPallas, who mentions several varieties of it,very common in all the woods of the southof Russia , and varying in height from thatof a middle-sized tree to that of a diminu-tive shrub, according to the soil and climatein which it grows. It is very plentiful aboutCaucasus ; through Siberia , it gradually be-comes more scarce; but it occurs again aboutthe Lake Baikal , where the inhabitants usethe leaves as a substitute for tea. It hasbeen treated by most botanists as a species ;but it is not nearly so distinct from U. cam-pestris as U. c. viminalis, which we knowto have been raised, by Mr. Masters, from 1230
seeds of the common English elm. The wood of this variety, ac-cording to Pallas, when it assumes a tree-like form, is very hard andtough; and it is veined with transverse lines. The root is alsobeautifully variegated, and used by the turner and cabinet-maker.One of the subvarieties mentioned by Pallas has the bark somewhatfungous or corky; another has the branches slender, wand-like, andof a whitish grey. In mountain rocks, the branches are short andthick; but, in sandy soils, the trees are small, and the shoots slender.
i U. c. 14 plamfblia, U. planifolia Hort., and the plate of this tree in our lastVolume, is a handsome small tree, closely resembling the preceding-variety.
^ U. o. 15 chinensis ; U. chinensis Pers.,i, p. 291. No. 9., Rosiu.et Schult.Syst. Veg.,\ i. p. 303.; The de i’Abbe Gallois, Orme nain, Fr.; and
omfig. 1231.; is a low bush, introduced from China ,but when is uncertain. Notwithstanding the circum-stance of its being kept in green-houses in some cases,and retaining its leaves there through the winter, wecannot consider it as anything else than a variety ofU. campestris. We are confirmed in this opinion byMr. Main, who brought home some plants of this sortfrom China , and found them stand the rigour of ourwinters in the garden of his friend, the Rev. Mr.Norris of Grove Street, Hackney. (See Gard. Mag.,vol. ii. p. 139 .) We believe it to be the same sortwhich is sometimes imported from China , in the formof a miniature old tree, planted in a China vase.While retained in these vases, and sparingly suppliedwith nourishment, it maintains its stunted figure; but,planted out in the free soil, in a favourable situation, in4x2
a year or two