CHAP. Cl.
glma'ce/e. rr'i.Mus.
1 399
This is -a beautiful highly characteristic tree, generally growing toone side, spreading its branches in a fan-like manner, and stretchingthem out sometimes horizontally, and at other times almost per-pendicularly downwards, so that the head of the tree exhibits greatvariety of shape. By some, this variety is considered to belong toan American species of elm ; but from its large rough leaves, itsvigorous young wood and large buds, and, above all, from its flower-ing at the same time as 17. montana , and, like it, ripening abundanceof seeds, which no American elm whatever does in Europe , we havenot a doubt that it is a variety of XJ. montana . For particularsituations in artificial scenery it is admirably adapted : for example,for attracting the eye, and fixing it, in order to draw it away fromsome object which cannot be concealed, but which it is not de-sirable should attract notice. There is a handsome tree of thisvariety in the Hammersmith Nursery, where, after being 12 yearsplanted, it is 30 ft. high. One in the Horticultural Society’s Gardenwas, in 1 834, after being 10 years planted, 26 ft. high.
U. m. 9 fastigiata Hort., U.glabra replicata Hort.Dur., XJ. Fordii Hort.,17. exoniensis Hort., and the plate in our last Volume. The ExeterElm, Ford’s Elm.—Avery remarkable variety,with peculiarly twistedleaves, and a very fastigiate habit of growth. The leaves, which arevery harsh, feather-nerved, and retain their deep green till they falloff, enfold one side of the shoots. The whole habit of growth ofof U. m. fastigiata is remarkable; and it forms a singular cup-shaped tree, that cannot be mistaken for any other. Its foliage isdarker than that of any other elm, save that of 17. c. virens. (Seep. 1376.) This variety was raised at Exeter, by Mr. Ford, nur-seryman there, about 1826. It is of less vigorous growth thanthe preceding varieties ; but, being of a very marked character, itwell deserves a place in collections. There is a handsome tree ofthis variety, 16 ft. high, in the Horticultural Society’s Garden, andplants in most English nurseries.
S U. m. 10 crispa, ? XJ. crispa Willd. The curled- leaved Elm. —The treeof this variety in the Horticultural Society’s Garden is 8 ft. or 10 ft.high, and rather of a slender and stunted habit of growth.
Other Varieties. Several might be taken from catalogues, both timbertrees and curious plants; but the former, such as U. montana vegeta Lindl,,we think may be best classed under XJ. m. glabra, and the latter are of solittle merit, that we hardly think them worth recording in this work. (SeeLodd. Cat. , ed. 1836.)
Description, §c. The Scotch elm has not so upright a trunk as the English elm; and it soon divides into long, widely spreading, somewhat droopingbranches, forming a large spreading tree. It is “ of quicker growth than XJ.campestris ; and the wood is, consequently, far inferior in hardness andcompactness, and more liable to split. The branches are, in some individuals,quite pendulous, like the weeping willow. Their bark is even ; downy in ayoung .state. Leaves larger than any of the foregoing; broadly elliptical,WI . a longer copiously serrated point; rough on the upper surface, withmmute, callous, bristly tubercles, but less harsh than most of the preceding;be under surface downy and paler, with straight, parallel, transverse ribs,copiously hairy at their origins and subdivisions. Flowers rather larger andpaler, in looser tufts than most of the species; each in 5, 6, or 7 oblong-acutesegments, and as many broad, rather heart-shaped, dark purple anthers. Cap-^ b broadly obovate or elliptical, and almost orbicular, with a shallow notchI * ent ^’ n0t ex *- enc l' n g half way to the seed.” A native of the northernn emperate parts of Europe . ( Watson .) It is found in numerous places in1 am; and is the most common elm in Scotland and Ireland . From the leavesoniewhat resembling those of the hazel, Gerard tells us that, in Hampshire, “ itcommonly called the witch hasell. Old men affirm,” he adds, “ that, when