CHAP. Cl.

CE7E. CE'LTIS.

1417

other name to C. sinensis Willd. Schultes has given it that of WilldenoTfono. There being noplant bearing the name of C. WilUtenoviAMes in the Condon gardens, we can say nothing about it.

4 6. C. occidenta'lis L. The western Celtis, or North American Nettle Tree.

Identification. Lin. Sp. FJ.,1478.; Mill. Diet. , No. 2., and Tc., t. 88.; Michx. Arb., 3. p. 296. t. 8.,North Amer. Sylva, 3. p. 45. t. 114.; Du Roi Haibk., 1. p. 141. ; WilUl. Arb., 57., Willd. Sp. PI.,4. p. 994.; Lam. Encycl., 4. p. 137.; Du Ham. Arb., ed. 1., t. 53. ; N. Du Ham., 2. p, 36. t. 9.; PurshFI. Amer. Sept., 1. p. 200., Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg., 6. p. 306.; Wats. Dendr. Brit., t. 147.:Lodd. Cat. , ed. 1836.

Synonymes. C. fructu obscuro purpurascente Toitrn. Inst., 612.; C. obliqua Mccnch ; Nettle Tree,Sugar Berry, Amer. ; Bois ineonnu, Illinois ; Micocoulier de Virginie, Fr.

Engravings. Mill. Ic., t. 88.; Du Ham. Arb., ed. 1., 1.1. 53., ed. nov., 2. t. 9.; Michx. North Amer.Sylva, 3. t. 114.; Wats. Dendr. Brit., t. 147.; T. Nees ab Esenbeck Gen. Pi. FI. Germ., fasc. 3.t. 4.; and the plates of this species in our last Volume.

Spec. Char., <$rc. Leaves ovate-acuminate, unequal at the base, serrate,rough on the upper surface, hairy on the under one. Fruit dull red.{Michx. N. A. S.) Fruit dark purple. (Pursh FI. A. SC) Similar in foliageand general appearance to C. australis. Flowers solitary. ( Michaux.)Leaves serrate, with equal teeth. Flowers, in the lower part of the branch,3 in an axil; in the upper part, 1 only in an axil. Fruit obscurely purplish.(Rcem. et Schult. Syst. Veg.) Very closely akin to C. australis. Leaves,when young, ovate-lanceolate, a little downy; when adult, broad-ovate,acuminate; in the acuminate part, and at the base, entire; in the interval oneach side, serrate, glabrous, veined with conspicuous veins; the hinder portionof the base as narrow again as the other one. (Linn., quoted in Rosm.et Schult. S. V.) C. occidentals differs from C. australis, in having itsleaves much broader in proportion to their length, and of an oval-acu-minate form. (Lam. Encycl., iv. p. 137.) Disk of leaf 3—4 in. long. (Rcem.et Schult. S. V.) Indigenous, in woods and near rivers, from Canada toCarolina, where it flowers in May. (Pursh.) Introduced in 1656.

Varieties.

4 C. o. 2 corddta Willd. Wild. Baumz., p. 82. — Leaves subcordate atthe base, very acuminate; above, less rough; beneath, more veiny,disk 3—4 in. long. (Willd. W. Baumz., and Rcem. et Schult. Syst.Veg.)

4 C. o. 3 scabriuscula Willd. Sp. PI., iv. p. 995., Lam. Encycl., Hi,p. 137.; C. australis Willd. Arb., 56.; C. ?o. fH tenuifolia Pen. Syn., 1.p. 292.; C. aspera Lodd. Cat. ,e&. 1836; C. orientalis Ilort. —Leavesshorter, more slender, less acuminate; roughish above, in someinstances glabrous ; but it can scarcely be a distinct species. (Willd.Sp. PI.) Disk of leaf" —2 in. long. (Rcem. et Schult. S. V.) Itis a native of Louisiana , and was cultivated in the Royal Garden atParis; but, as it was killed down to the root every winter by thefrost, Lamarck never saw its flowers or fruit, and, therefore, could notdetermine whether it was merely a variety or a distinct species.(Smith in Rees's Cycled)

description, Sfc. This species, Michaux observes, “ is similar in its fo-liage and general appearance to the European nettle tree, the branches ofboth are numerous and slender; and the limbs originate at a small distance}rom the ground, and take a horizontal or inclined direction.” (N. Amer. Syl.,m. p. 45.) The leaves are alternate, oval, oblique at the base, very muchacuminated, and somewhat rough. The flowers open early in spring, and aresmall, white, single, and axillary; the fruit also is small, single, of a roundform, and a dull red colour. When ripe, it becomes shriveled, and of a reddishbrown or black, like a very small wild cherry. It is rather fleshy, and verys ? e ®t. Michaux says that he has never seen the wood employed in any partot the United States ; but, from the analogy between this species and theEuropean one, he has no doubt but that the wood might be applied to thesame purposes. The tree, in Britain , is very hardy and ornamental; and itpossesses the property of keeping on all its leaves very late, and then, likee other species, dropping them all at once, so that they may be swept awayone time for litter. C. occidentals is readily known from C. australis