CHAP. CI1.

./uglanda'cicte. /ij'glans.

1423

$ i. Simple Aments. Growth rapid. 1. /uglans regia L. 2. J. nigra L.3. J. cathartica Michx., syn. J. einerea L. The order of the flowering ofthese species in England is, first /. regia, then /. einerea, in a few daysafter which the catkins of /. nigra expand. The order of fruiting is differ-ent; for, while the fruit of the common walnut begins to drop in the first orsecond week in September, that of the black walnut does not fall till the endof the same month, and that of the grey walnut, not till the beginning ofOctober. {Mart. Mill.) ))o this section may be added Pterocarya, a genusrecently separated from ./uglans.

( ii. Compound Aments, each Peduncle bearing three. Growth sloiv. 1. ,/ii-glans oliveeformis Michx. (syn. Carya olivseformis Nutt.) 2. J. amaraMichx. (C. amara Nutt.) 3. /. aquatica Michx. (C. aquatica Nutt.) 4. J.tomentosa Michx. (C. tomentdsa Nutt.) 5. /. squamosa Michx. (C.alba Nutt.) 6. ./. lacinidsa Michx. (C. lacinidsa Nutt.) 7. /. porcinaMichx. (C. porcina Nutt.) 8. J. myristicseformis Michx. {C. myristicifdrmis Nutt.)

S 1. .7. rk'gia L. The royal, or common, Walnut Tree.

Identification. Lin. Hort. Cliff., p. 449.; Mill. Diet. , No. 1. and Ic.; Du Roi Harbk., p.’ 323.;

Wild. Arb., 153.; Willd. Sp. Pb, 4. p. 455.; Michx. N. Amer. Sylva, 1. p. 143.

Synonymes. Nux JClglans Dod. Pempt., 816.; Nux Jbglans, seu rfegia vulgaris, Bank . Pin., 417 .;

Noyer commun, Fr. j Noseguier Provence ; gemeine Walnuss, Ger.

Engravings. Mill. Ic.; Lam. Ill., 781.; Ludw. Ect., t. 188.; Blackw., t. 247.; Knorr Del., 1.t. N. 7.; T. Nees ab Esenbeck Gen. PI. FI. Germ., fasc. 3. f. 2.; Michx. N. Amer. Sylva, t. 29.;our Jig. 1257.; and the plates of this tree in our last Volume.

Spec. Char., $c. Leaflets in a leaf, 5—9 ; oval, glabrous, obscurely serrated.Fruit oval, situated upon a short inflexible peduncle. Nut rather oval,rather even. A native of Persia , in the extensive province of Ghilan, onthe Caspian Sea , between 35° and 40° of latitude. In cultivation inEngland since 1562, and probably long before; flowering in April and May,and ripening its fruit in September.

Varieties.

S J. r. 2 maxima; Nux /"uglans fructu maximo Bauh. Pin., 417., N.Du Ham., iv. p. 173.; Noix de Jauge Bon Jard., ed. 1836, p. 473.,Nois. Jardin Fruitier, t. 16.; Bannut, Warwickshire . — This varietyhas the fruit double the size of that of the species, being sometimesnearly as large as a turkey’s egg; but, in drying, the kernel shrinksto one half its size; and, hence, the fruit of this variety is not goodfor keeping, but ought to be eaten directly after being gathered.The leaves are large, and the tree has a magnificent appearance;but its timber is not nearly so durable as that of the commonwalnut.

I J.f ‘Stenera; NuX /uglans fructu tenero et fragile putamine Bauh.Pin., 417., N. Du Ham., iv. p. 173.; Noyer a Coque tendre, NoyerMesange Bon Jardinicr, 1. c., Noyer de Mars in Dauphine. The thin-shelled, or Titmouse, Walnut. (SeeHort, Trans., vol.iv.p. 517.; andE. ofGard., ed. 1834, p. 942.)— The latter name is given to this kindof walnut, because its shell is so tender, that the birds of the titmousefamily (mesange, Fr.) (Parus major L.,fig. 1256. a; P. caeriileus L.,fig. 1256. b; and also P. ater and P. palustris L.) pierce it with theirbills, and eat the kernel, leaving the remaining part of the fruit on thetree. (See Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. vii. p. 147.) This variety' has themost delicate fruit of all the walnuts: it keeps longer, and producesmore oil; but it is not so good a bearer as the other sorts. M. Trat-tmik, a German botanist, states, in the Nouveau Du Hamel, that hehas seen a tree of the /uglans regia which only produced femalecatkins, and never male ones; and that it bore every year a greatquantity of fruit with a tender shell. It is known that the shellsof walnuts are much more tender in some years than in others; and,also, that the shells often vary in their degrees of hardness On thesame tree, in the same year; and, very likely, this may depend on5 a