24
INFORMATION RELATIVE TO TAKING UP LAND IN NEW NETIIERLAND.
parsnips, carrots, and cabbage, which bring great plenty into the husbandman’s dwelling. The maizecan serve as bread for men, and food for cattle.
The hogs, after having picked up their food for some months in the woods, are crammed with cornin the fall; when fat they are killed and furnish a very hard and clean pork; a good article for thehusbandman who gradually and in time begins to purchase horses and cows with the produce of hisgrain and the increase of his hogs, and instead of a cellar as aforesaid, builds good farm houses andbarns. *
Of the necessary Cattle.
The cattle necessary in a Colonie or private Bouwery in New Netherland , are good mares andsound stallions.
Yoke oxen for the plough, inasmuch as in new lands full ol roots, oxen go forward steadilyunder the plough, and horses stand still, or with a start break the harness in pieces.
Milch cow's of kindly disposition and good bulls, sheep, sows, etc. Fowls are well adapted toBouweries.
These Cattle are abundant in New Netherland and especially in New England and to be had at areasonable price, except sheep which the English do not sell and are rare in New Netherland .
Prices of Cattle.
In New Netherland ; a young mare with her 2 d or third foal costs. fl. 150 to 160 — $60
A 4 to 5 year old stallion about. 130 =52
A*milch cow with her 2 d or 3 d calf,. 100 = 40
A year old sow',. 20 @ 24 = 8@10
A sheep, being an ewe,. 20 @ 24
In New England ; a good mare sells for,. 100 @ 120
A stallion,. 100
A milch ... 60 @ 70
A yearling sow,. 12 @ 14 ’
Sheep are not sold here.
It is to be observed that in a Colonie each Farmer has to be provided by his Landlord with atleast one yoke of oxen or with two mares in their stead two cows, one or two sows, for the purposeof increase, and the use of the farm and the support of his family.
If the above cattle multiply in course of time with God ’s blessing the Bouweries can be fullystocked with necessary cattle, and new' Bouweries set off with the remainder, as is the practice inBenselaer’s Colonie and other places, as so on denovo, so as to lay out no money for stock.
All farming implements necessary for the land must be also procured, except wagon and ploughwhich can be made there.
And as it is found by experience in New Netherland that farmers can with difficulty obtain fromthe soil enough to provide themselves with necessary victuals and support, those who proposeplanting Colonies must supply their formers and families with necessary food for at least two to threeyears, if not altogether it must be done at least in part.
JYecessary supplies for the farmer.
If no wffieat or rye can be had for bread, maize can be always had in season'from the Indians ata reasonable price. The skepel costs ordinarily 10 @ 15 stivers when bought from the Indians.Meat Vinigar
Pork Pease, and
Butter or Oil instead ; Beans.