CHAP. CXI 11.

CONl'PER^E. Pl'NUS.

2153

on short footstalks. Buds ovate, blunt-pointed, and more or less coveredwith resin.

A. Cones having the Scales without Prickles.

1 1. P. sylvf/stris L. The wood, or Scotch, Pine , or Scotch Fir.

Identification. Lin. Sp. PI., 1418.; Willd. 4. 494.; Ger. Emac., 1356.; Hook. Scot., 275.; Hum. Bot.Cult, 6. p. 456.; Woodv. Med. Bot., 570. t. 207.; Smith FI. Br., 1 .1031. ; Huds. Angl., 423. ;With. Arr., ed. 3. 615.; Pail. Ross., 1. p. 1. 5. j Vill. Dauph., 3. p. 804.: Mill, lllust., t. 82. : DuRoi Harbk., ed. Patt., 2. p. 16. ; Hunt Evel. Syl., 1. p. 274.; Eng.. FI., 4. p. 159. ; Willd. Baum.,P.265.; Hayne Dend., p. 172.; Jaume St. Hilaire, t. 55. ; Rich, fur les Conif., p. 55.; Hoss An-leit., p. 3.; Smith in Rees’s Cycl., No. 1.; Hook. Br., p. 406.; N. Du Ham., 5. p. 230.; Lamb. Pin.,ed. fol. 1.1.1., and ed. 8vo, 1. t. 1. ; Miclix. N. Amer. Sy]., 3. p. 125. ; Mackay FI. Hibern., p. 258. ;Lindl. Synop., p. 241. ; Pouchet Bot appliqude, 2. p. 666. ; Laws. Man. , p. 328.

Synonymes. P. fbliis binis, &c., Hall. Helv., No. 1660. ; P. rubra Mill. Diet., No. 3.; P. sylvestris communis Ait. Hort. Keut.,3. p. 366. ; P., No. 29. Gmel. Sib., 1. p. 178,; Pin Sauvage, Pin d’Ecosse ,Fr.) gemeine Fohre, gemeine Fichte, Kiefer, Taune, and 55 otlier names, which are given inHayne’s Abbildung ., Ger. : Pynboom, Dutch ; Pino sylvatico, Ital. ; Pino sylvestre, Span. ; Fyrre ,Han. and Swed. ; Sosna, Pol., Boh., and Russ.

Engravings. Woodv. Med. Bot., t.207.; Pall. Ross., t.2.f.l.; Mill. lllust., t. 82.; Hunt. Evel.Syl., p. 274.; Black., t. ISO. ; Eng. Bot., 35. t. 2460. ; Lamb. Pin., 2d ed., 1. 1.1.; N. Du Ham., 5.t 66.; Michx. N. Amer. Syl., 3. t. 138.; Hayne Abbild., 1.153.

Spec. Char., fyc. Leaves rigid, in pairs. Young cones stalked,recurved. Crest of the anthers very small. (Smith.) Buds(fig. 2043.)ovate,blunt-pointed,from J in. to Lin. long,and J in.wide in the broadest part; white, with a reddish tip, the whiteproduced by resinous exudation. The central bud generally with5 or 6 smaller ones round it. Leaves (Jig. 2044. b.) from in. to2Jin. long, somewhat waved and twisted, slightly concave on theupper, and convex on the under surface; light bluish green,finely serrulated on the edges; the sheath lacerated and slightlyringed. Cones (Jig. 2044. a) from 2 in. to 3 in. long, and from 0lin. to IJin. broad. Scales (Jig. 2044. d) from 1 in. to ljin. 2043long, terminating in an irregular four-sided projecting point, often re-curved. Seeds, with the wing (<?), from 1 in. to IJin. long; without the- in.

2044

wing, from in. to

!'-■ j-o iTT

long; dark-coloured. Coty-ledons (Jig. 2045.) 5 to7.—

A tall, straight, hardy, long-lived tree, from 60 ft. to100 ft. high; a native of mostparts of Europe , flowering inMay and June, and ripening•ts cones about 18 monthsafterwards; the most valu-able, for its timber, of all theEuropean species of Pinus .

Varieties. Like all trees whichnave an extensive geographi- ical range, and grow on almostevery kind of soil, and atgreat elevations as well as in iPlains, the varieties and vari-^arions of the Scotch pineare exceedingly numerous ;both as respects the exteriorappearance of the tree, andwe quality of its timber andresinous products. On poorawls, at great elevations, itbecomes a diminutive shrub: and in low situations, where it is a lofty’huiber tree, the wood on some light sandy soils, is white, almostwithout resin, and of little duration ; while on other soils, of a colder andm °re substantial nature, it is red, heavy, and of great durability. Itappears, also, that the same soil will produce both white-wooded, and red-