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ARBORETUM AND FRUT1CETUM.

PART 111.

Libani, the inhabitant of a very different climate, should thrive here so wellas without pot or green-house, to be able to propagate itself by layers thisspring. Seeds sown last autumn have, as yet, thriven very well, and are likelyto hold out. The main artifice I used to them has been to keep them fromthe winds, which seem to give great additional force to the cold in destroyingtender plants.” (Itay's Letters, &c., p. 176.)

The cedars at Chelsea, as before observed, and several of those at Chiswick ,in the grounds of the villa of the Duke of Devonshire, still exist, and thesemay, as they generally are, be considered the oldest yet standing in Britain .Evelyn had, doubtless, planted some cedars about the same time at SayesCourt; because in his letter to the Royal Society , detailing the effect of theprevious severe winter, dated Sayes Court, Deptford , April 16. 1684, he says,“ As for exotics, my cedars, I think, are dead.” ( Misc. Writings, &c., p. 693.)

Whoever introduced the cedar, one of the greatest planters of it, in Miller’stime, was the Duke of Richmond, who, as Collinson informs us, introducedmany hundred plants in his park at Goodwood. Peter Collinson left the fol-lowing MS. memorandum on this subject, in his copy of Miller’s Dictionary.“ I paid John Clarke, (a butcher at Barnes, who was very successful in raisingcedars and other exotics,) for 1000 cedars of Lebanon , June 8th, 1761,79/. 6.s. in behalf of the Duke of Richmond. These 1000 cedars were plantedat five years old, in my 67th year, in March and April, 1761. In September,1761, I was at Goodwood, and saw these cedars in a thriving state. Thisday, October 20th, 1762, I paid Mr. Clark, for another large portion ofcedars, for the Duke of Richmond. The duke’s father was a great planter,but the young duke much exceeds him ; for he intends to clothe all the loftynaked hills above him with evergreen woods. Great portions are alreadyplanted, and he annually raises for that purpose infinite numbers of pines,firs, and cedars.” (MS. notes, communicated by Mr. Lambert to theLinn. Soc. Trans., vol. x. p. 275.) Of the cedars at Goodwood, the presentDuke of Richmond informed us, in 1837, that 139 remain. The cedar ap-pears to have first produced cones in England, in the Chelsea BotanicGarden, about 1766 : since which, partly from imported cones, and partly fromcones ripened in this country, it has been extensively multiplied, and there arenow few gentlemen’s seats in Great Britain that do not possess several trees.

The first cedars planted in Scotland appear to have been some at HopetounHouse, which, tradition says, were brought thither by Archibald Duke ofArgyll, in 1740. (See p. 102.) The date given by Dr. Walker, is 1748;but the same author elsewhere states that the cedar was not planted any-where in Scotland till after 1730, thereby showing that he had no positivedata as to the year of its introduction. Boutcher, writing in 1775, says thathe had raised more cedar trees than any other man in Scotland ; and that hewas the first who made them common in that part of the island. When it wasintroduced into Ireland is uncertain. (See p. 114.)

The cedar was not introduced into France till 1734, when Bernard DeJussieu , returning from his first visit to England, brought with him two plants,so small, that, to preserve them more securely, he is said to have carried themin the crown of his hat. One of these plants was placed on the mount in theJardin des Plantes (see p. 137. and p. 2405.) ; and it was not known what hadbecome of the other, till, in 1832, it was discovered by M. Merat, at the Cha-teau de Montigny, near Montereau, a little town about eighteen leagues fromParis. This chateau was built by Daniel-Charles Trudaine , Intendant desFinances under Louis XV., and embellished by his son, Trudaine de Montigny ;but, in 1836, it was in the possession of an English nobleman. (Ann. d'Hort.i eParis, xviii. p. 114.) The tree in the Jardin des Plantes was measured byLoiseleur Deslongchamps in January, 1812, and again in March, 1837. Atthe former period, the circumference of the trunk was 8 ft. 8 in.; and, at thelatter, 10 ft. It was observed to this author, by Professor Desfontaines, thatthis cedar had been greatly injured by an accumulation of soil, which was