PREFACE.

ix

Physics, at number 51 below; together with the following, viz. muss, or quantity of matter, den-sity, space, time, velocity, force, moving force, accelerating force, quantity of motion, absolutemotion, relative motion, laws of motion, the fall of bodies, the collision of bodies, hard, soft,elastic, communication of motion, compound motion, composition and resolution of motion, andof forces, central forces, equilibrium, machines, lever, balance, wheel and axle, pulley, inclinedplane, wedges, screw, compound machines, crane, friction, wheel-carriages, together with weight,centre of gravity, of oscillation, of percussions, of gyration, pendulum, &c.

(22.) Architecture offers a great variety of terms : among the principal are the names ofbuildings of all sorts, as palaces, churches, houses, bridges, columns, obelisks, arches, &c. founda-tion, structure, proportion, beauty, strength; ornaments, as columns, pediments, arches, balus-ters, &c. orders of architecture, as Tuscan order, Doric order, Ionic order, Composite order,Corinthian order; pedestal, column, entablature, plinth, dado, cornice, base, shaft, capital,architrave, frieze, cornice of the entablature, mouldings, as fillet, astragal, torus, scotia, ovolo,cyrea, &c. volutes, intercolumniation, triglyph, ditriglyph, tritriglyph, projection, soffit, modil-lion, abacus, persians, caryatides, termini, doors, piers, niches, statues, chimney-pieces, roofs,ceilings, saloons, domes, with many other terms which appear in the course of studying theScience .

(23.) Fortification, or Military Architecture, rampart, parapet, ditch, out-work, plan,profile, talus, banquette, scarp, counterscarp, berme, glacis, bastion, face of a bastion, flank,curtin, gorge of the bastion, line of defence, flanked angles, shoulder, salient-angles, re-enter-ing-angles, orillons, ravelins, tenailles, lunettes, tenaillons, counter-guards, horn-works, crown-works, arrows, redoubts, places of arms, &c.

(24.) Shipbuilding, or Navae Architecture, in which the artist must know the terms,bottom or quick work, upper work or dead work, plane of projection, vertical plane, horizontalplane, stem, stern, keel, midship-frame, load-water-line, wales, gun-ports, ribands, stern-post, rud-der, stem beams, apron, stemson, wing-transom, deck-transom, knees, breast-hooks, floor-timbers,futtocks, with a very great variety of other terms which the science itself will bring to notice.

(25.) Hydrostatics, including (26.) or Hydrodynamics, and (27.) or Hydraulics ;the terms to be noted, besides many of those mentioned in Mechanics, are water and other liquids,pressure, gravity and equilibrium of fluids, specific gravity, sinking and swimming of bodies, theflowing of fluids through pipes, or canals, jetd’eau, resistance of fluids, capillary attraction, foun-tain, river, sea, evaporation, congelation, pump, water-wheel, water-works, hygrometer, hydro-meter, &c.

(28.) Pneumatics, furnishes these terms, viz. fluid, compressibility, elasticity, elastic fluid, air,gas, atmosphere, expansion, motion of air, wind, with the names of several instruments, as air-pump,>arometer, eudiometer, anemometer, &c. besides several terms of less note.

(29.) Projectiles, including Gunnery, requires a knowledge of the terms belonging to me-,c arucs, and the following, viz. impetus, amplitude, or range, elevation of the piece, horizontal pro-jec ion, projections on ascents and descents, force of gunpowder, artillery, ordnance, with thenames of the several parts of guns, and instruments to prepare them for firing, &c.

(30.) Tactics, or the military art, including Naval Tactics, in which we have the consi-era ion of armies, fleets, cavalry, infantry, regiments, troops, companies, phalanx, soldier^ dragoon,grenadier, fusileer, squadron, battalion, brigade, general, marshal, admiral, lieutenant, brigadier,

’ ca P*' a ' n » sei 'j ean t, major, adjutant, ensign, &c. battle, siege, march, camp, line, column,a ack, letreat, halt, evolution, wheeling, counter-wheeling, signal, word of command, drum, cha-mat e> S uaf d> garrison, piquet, patrol, round, quarter, standard, banner, arms, artillery, &c.

d (31.) Cosmography,