AC A

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AC A-

preparing young gentlemen for the army. The modern Jews havealso their collegiate academies in most of the great cities of Europe and Asia, where their rabbins instruct their youth in the Hebrew language, and the secrets of the Cabala, and explain the Talmud to them. Those of Tiberias and Babylon, have been the mostnoted of their ancient academies. The dissenting ministers inEngland, who do not chuse to conform to the rules of our univer-sities, are educated in private academies; the principal ofwhich are in London, Bristol, Daveutry, and Rotherham .

Academy Figure, in painting, is a drawing of a naked manor woman taken from the life; which is commonly done on paperwith red or black chalk, or crayons, or with a pencil. Also thecopy of such a draught.

ACADIE, or ACADIA, a country in N. America , now calledNova Scotia , or New Scotland. ]

AC.ENA, in antiquity, [m»im, Gr.j a Grecian decemped, or ;ten-foot rod, used in measuring their lands.

Aciena, in botany, a genus of the monogynia order, and le-trandria class of plants. Calyx four-leaved; berry inversely ovated,dry, one-celled, and prickled backward. There is only one species, anative of Mexico .

ACAIAIBA, the tree that produces tlie Cashew nuts. See Ana-cardium.

ACAJOU, the Cashew nut . See Anacardium.

ACALYPIiA, the Three-seeded Mercury, a genus ofplants, belonging to the monoecia monadelphia class and order.Calvx, three or four leaved; no corolla; seeds solitary; roundish,and large. This genus ranks in the 3Sth natural order, Tricocca 1 .There are fourteen species found in the East and We-t Indies.

ACAM ANT1DES, a tribe of Athenians , named after Acamas,the son of Theseus , by order of the oracle.

ACAM ANTIS, the original name of the island Cyprus .

Acamantis, is also the original name of Teosin Ionia.

ACAMANTIUM, a city in Phrygia , founded by Acamas, theson of Theseus .

ACAMAS, the western promontory of Cyprus ; now calledCape Pisanio.

Acamas, the son of Theseus , was one of the Grecians who con-cealed themselves in the wooden horse.

Acamas, the son of Antenor the Trojan.

Acamas, a Thracian monarch, who assisted king Priam , in theI rojan wav.

AC'AM BOU, a kingdom on the coast of Guinea, in Africa .

ACANACEOUS PLANTS, such as are armed with prickles,like the thistle, &c.

ACANGIS, adventurers, or ravagers; a name given by tinTurks to their hussars, who are sent out to procure intelligence■aiul raTas;<* thecnenvy’s country. .

ACAKNY, an inland country on the Gold Coast of Guinea which affords the best gold, and in great plenty.

ACANTHA, [from A*a»9<*, Gr. a thorn.] in anatomy, tin.protuberances of the vertebras of the back, commonly called, Spi<ncc Dor.ii, or the spine.

Acantha, in botany, the prickle of a plant.

Acantha, in zoology, the spine, or prickly (ins of fish.

ACANT1JABOLUS, in surgery, [from A*«vfl«, a thorn, an<cast away.] An instrument, for pulling prickles, thorns, or tinlike out of the skin; fish bones out of the oesophagus, or gullet, ofragments of weapons, &c- out of wounds. In figure it resemblea pair of pincers, but is sometimes made crooked, tor more conVenientlv entering the fauces.

ACAiSTIlOPTERYGll, in ichthyology, [from Am*v0«, ;thorn, and a tin.] a class of fishes in the Liniwan system

•he character of which 1-, that the rays of the fins are bony, antsome of them prickly at the extremities.

ACANTHUS, a town of Egypt, near Memphis , now Bisaltaanother of Epirus; also a maritime town of Macedonia , W. omount Athos , now called Erissa.

ACANTHUS, BEAR’S-BHEECH, or BRANCIIA-URS1

•'j A, a genus of the angiospennia order, and didvnamia class oplants: the essentialcharactersare, calyxtwo-leaved, bifid; cord):oni*-lipped; bent down, trifid; capsules two-celled.

i 1Cle r- iUe fourteen species, only four of which are exotic ant,’ T he mollis, or common bear’s breech, a native of Italy is the sort that is used in medicine, and is supposed to be thimollis acanthus of Virgil; the leaves are famous for havim

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given rise to the capital of the Corinthian pillars. T he Gothicsculptors are supposed to have adopted tor their ornament, theleaves of the acanthus spinosus

Acanthus, in architecture, an ornament representing the leavesof the acanthus, used in the capitals of the Corinthian and Compo-site orders. See Architecture.

Acanthus, the name given by Theophrastus to the Acacia tree.

ACANZII, Turkish light horse, the avant guard of the GrandSignior’s armv,

ACAPNO'N, [«xrt7r»ov,] a name of the sampsuchus, or marjoram:also of dry wood.

ACAPULCO, a considerable town and port in Mexico , on theSouth Sea. Lon. 102. 20. W. Lat. 17. 0. N.

1 AC ARAL or rather ACAIUA, a town of Paraguay in SouthAmerica, builtbv the Jesuits , in 1024. Lon. 51.5. \\ . Lat. 26. O.S.

ACARNA, a "genus of thistles in the class and order of synge-nesia a’qualis. Calyx imbricate, scaly; receptacle chaffy; down fea-therv: species seven. It greatly resembles the carduus benediclus.

A’CARNANIA, the first country of Greece Proper, separatedfrom JEtolia, by the river Achelous on the E. It is now calledla Carnia and il Despotalo.

ACARNAR, a bright iixed star of the first magnitude, in Eri-danus, invisible in our latitude.

ACARON, or ACCARON, a town of Palestine, called Ekronin scripture.

ACT li US , the tick or mite, in natural history, a genus of theclass insecla, order of aptera, or such as have" no wings, in theLinna-an system. Gmelin in the last edition of Linmrus’s system,has eighty-two species, of which, some are inhabitants of the earth,others of the water; some live on trees and plants, others amongstones, and others oil the bodies of other animals, and even undertheirskin. The generic character is, legs eight; eyes two, situated oneach side the head; feelers two, jointed; egg-shaped. The mostfamiliar species are, 1. the A. siro, or common cheese mite, whichisafavoritesubjcctformicroscopicobsevvations. The mite is ovipa-rous. The eggs in warm weather, hatch in about ten or twelve days.T’lie eggs are so small,that ninety millions of them are not so large as apigeons egg. The mite is a very voracious animal, feasting equallyupon animal and vegelablesubstances. It is also extremely tenaciousof life; for Leewenhock, though highly discreditable to’ his.huma-nity, assures us, that a mite lived eleven weeks glued to a pin, inorder for him to make observations on. 2. The A. exytlcerans, oritch mite. Dr. Bononio, an Italian physician, was the first whocont ended that the itch was occassioned by this insect, for whichsee the Philosophical Transactions , No. 283. Dr. Baker is inclinedto think that it constitutes the psora, a species of itch distinct fromothers confounded with it. 3. A. auUmmalis or harvest-bug, of abright red colour, with the abdomen beset on its hind part withnumerous white bristles. It attaches itself to the skin, and is withdifficulty disengaged. The tick is of this species, which is to befound on dogs and other animals. Many of the acari, attachthemselves to insects of a larger kind, and hence they take theirnames, as A. coleopterous, found on the black beetle. See plate 7.

These insects, which are often very troublesome on plants, andin hot houses, may he effectually destroyed by the following mix-ture. Take two ounces of soft green soap, one ounce of commonturpentine, and one ounce of ilour of sulphur; pour upon theseingredients a gallon of boiling water, work the whole together witha whisk, and let the mixture be used warm. This mixture mayalso be of use for preventing the mildew on the peach and apricot’;blit it should never be used on fruit trees near the time when theirfruits are ripening. A strong ley made of wood ashes, willlike-wise destroy the acari; hut plants are greatly injured by this, andby briny and spirituous compositions.

AGA’STUS, the son of Pelias kingof Thessaly, and a famoushunter, married Ilippolyta, who falling in love with Pcleus herstep-son, and lie refusing to gratify her, she accused him to herhusband of a rape; on which he slew’them both.

ACATALECTIC, a term in ancient poetry, applicable tosuch verst's as have all their feet and syllables, without any defectat the end. In the following lines of Horace, the first two areacutakctic, the last catalectic.

Solvitur acris hyems, grata vice

Veris et Favour,

Tralmntque siecas niachinre carinas.

ACATALEPS1A, ACATALEPSY, [from « privative, and