JET II
AET
t*cs
5o
Delphian?, lie sent back the money to Croesus ; on account ofwhich the enraged inhabitants of Delphi threw him headlong froma rock. Soon after they were visited with a plague; and, con-sulting the oracle, they received for answer, that the god designedtiris as a punishment for their treatment of /F.sop: they endea-voured to make an atonement, by raising a pyramid to hishonpur./Fsop is supposed by some to be the same as Lokman among theArabians; or Veeslmoo Sarnia (commonly called Tilpay, orBidnay, in Europe ) among the ancient Hindus. The best editionsof vEsop are, that of Hudson, Oxon, 1718; Iiousinger’s 1741and 1736; and Frnesti’s 1781. Scarce editions, Editio Princeps ,Mcdiolani, per A. Zarolum, 1746, fob 10/. lOs.; another, Greekand Latin , 4io. Milan, about 1480: thin is accounted the second bookprinted in Greek.—It is denominated an edition Eximiccraritatis.
/ESOPUS, Ci.oinus, the celebrated actor, flourished about theC70th year of Rome. lie lived in a most expensive manner,and atone entertainment is said to have had a dish which costabove 800/. This dish, we are told, w-as tilled with singing andspeaking birds, some of which cost near 50/. The delight which/Exop took in this soit of birds proceeded, as Mr. Bayle observes,from the expence. When lie was upon the stage, he entered intobis part to such a degree, as sometimes to be seized with a perfectecstacy.
■d'-b III PH AT! A, incineration, or burning of any part of the body.
JESmiATIO Capitis, in our ancient law books, a lineiii proportion to the degree of the person, against whom tiie offencewas committed.
-ESTIVAL, of, or belonging to summer, as /Estival Signs,which are, Cancer , Leo, and Virgo.
/ESTIVATION, the disposition of the floral gem or but, andh, 1. Convolute. 2. Imbricate. 3. Conduplicate. 4. Valvate,or valved. 5. Unequally valved. See Botany, Glossary .
7FSTRUS, the gad-fly.
./ESTUARY, /ESTUARIUM, an arm of the sea, running up agood way into the land.
/Estuarium , in medicine, a vapour bath, or any thing thatconveys heat to all parts of the body.
/ESYMNETIC Monarchy, denotes a limited electivemonarchy. Arist. Pol. c. 10. From [urepn, regno, I govern.
/ES\ MNIUM, in antiquity, a monument erected to the me-mory- of deceased heroes, by /Fsy mnus.
ASYMNUS, a native of Megara, who, consulting the oracle>nwhat manner the Megareans might he most happily governed,was answered, If then held consultation leith the more numerous;whom he taking for the dead, built a senate house, with a monu-ment: to tlie dead within it.
d'-TAPL Proeanpa, in law, a writ to inquire whether theking’s tenant, holding in chief by chivalry, were of full age to re-ceive his lands. It was directed to the escheator of thbuf_is now disused.
the county,
/V.TH, or ATH, a strong little town in the Netherlands , onthe river Deader, about 20 miles S. W. of Brussels. Long. 3. 44.K. Lat. 50. 35. N.
•E.T HALE, the cadmiafornacum,wt\My, from its being the con-creted soot of the lapis caUtminaris and copper, melted together.
/ETHER, [ms, t thar, an extensive space, or u.3n\, from ai6i,y,lo fame, or burn,] the firmament, a thin subtle matter, muchfiner than air; which, commencing from the limits of our atmo-sphere, is supposed to possess the whole heavenly space. Variousopinions concerning the nature, existence, or non-existence ofsether have been held by philosophers. Some suppose it of anelementary nature, like other bodies; and only distinguished byits tenuity. Others suppose it of a purer, more refined, and spi-rituous nature, than the substances about our earth : and void ofthe common affections thereof, as gravity, &c. Some r<it as 7200 times more rare than air ! Others make it mthan.gold itself! Others argue, that the heavenly spaces being thesupposed region, or residence of a more exalted class of beings,the medium must be more pure and exalted in proportion. Suchis the ancient and popular idea of ivthcr, or a-therial matter. Theterm ather, though thus embarrassed with a variety of ideas, andarbitrarily applied to so many different tilings, has frequentlybeen made the stepping stone for solving difficulties in philoso-phy. The Cartesians call it the materiu subtilis: and Sir Isaac.Newton, sometimes a subtile spirit, as in the close of his Princi-pia; and sometimes a subtile or wtherial medium, as in his Op-VOL. I.—NO. 4.
representmore dense
tins. Whatever conjectures may be. formed concerning the na-ture and properties of this subtle fluid; there is every reason tobelieve in the existence of a matter filter than die air itself. But:that this should be endued with any properties different from:matter in general is altogether incomprehensible; hence it is uselessand silly to introduce it as an agent, or as the cause of.gravitation.
/Ether, in medicine, a gaseous, volatile, inflammable, fluid-obtained by distillation from alcohol and a concentrated:acid. itposses-es stomachic and anftspa-nnodic virtues.
jEthkr Vitrioi.icus, naptha vitrioli, in the new. chemicalnomenclature, sulphuric icther, It is a combination of vitriolicacid and spirits of wine, and is.used for a. variety, of medicalpurposes. The head-ach is often cured by. rubbing it; on thetemples; and Dr. Conyers says, that a tea-spoonful applied tothe affected jaw, and repeated till the pain ceases, is a never-failing remedy for the tooth-ach. It has also been used in casesof rheumatism, gout, and hooping-cough, with great success. Ina paroxysm of suffocative asthma, and all those diseases wherethe organs of respiration are affected, half a tea-spoonful of vitvio,lie a'ther in a table-spoonful of water, quickly swallowed and oc-casionally repeated, has often produced instant relief) Even thesimple evaporation of this volatile fluid, a spoonful of which may-be placed at a time in a shallow, vessel contiguous to the patient,.has frequently been found of-great .service, and alleviated, themost distressing shortness of breath. A.combination of spirit ofsea-salt w ith the flowers of zinc, produces the marine, a'ther. SeeChemistry.
/E l H ERIAL Oil, is a fine, subtle, essential oil, approaching[ nearly to the nature of a spirit. Thus, the pure liquor risingnext after the spirit, in the distillation of turpentine, is called theaitherial oil of turpentine.
/ET11IOPS, or /ETIIIOP’S MINERAL, or IIydrarct-rus cum Sulphure, a preparation of mercury’, made by rub-bing in a marble or glass mortar, equal quantities of quicksilverand flowers of sulphur, till the mercury wholly disappears,and there remains a fine deep black powder, whence it has gotthe name of irthiops, and it is much used in medicine.
/Ethiops Anti.moniai.is, a combination of the sulphurets ofantimony and mercury ; it is prepared by fusing crude antimony,ir, an earthen crucible, and when it is on the point of fixing, adiito it an equal weight of hot mercury : the mixture at tin t be-comes more fluid, and after a while solid -. when cold it must belevigated in a mortar and washed. The medical effects of thispreparation in small quantities are sudorific ; in larger doses it is-purgative and emetic.
/Ethiops Vegetaeilis is prepared by burning the sea-wrackor sea-oak in the open air, and then reducing it into a black-powder. .It is used to reduce scrophulous swellings, and ini cleansing the gums and teeth.
/F.TI1USA, less hemlock, or fool’s parsley, a genus of thepentandria digynia class and order ; in the natural method the45th order, llmbellatax The calyx is an universal expandingumbel, the partial tmall, and also expanding. There is no uni-,vet-sal involucrum ; the partial one is dimidiated, with three orlive leaflets; the proper perianthium scarcely discernible. Theuniversal corolla is uniform, with fertile florets; the partial onehas live heart-shaped unequal petals. There is no pericarpiuin ;the fruit is ovale, sfriated, tripartite, and pendulous. It has threespecies, of which the iE. cynupium is common in our corn fields-and gardens. It has sometimes been mistaken for parsley ; andwhen eaten, occasionssickness. Hence it is safest to cultivate, thecurled parsley. Cattle eat it; but it is said to be noxious to geese.
AETIANS, in church history, a branch ot Arians who main-,tained, that the Son and Holy Ghost are in all tilings-dissimilar-to the Father. Sec Af.tius.
/ETIOLOGY, in medicine, [from m-ri-4, cause, and Aoyc,-, dis-course,'] the science which treats of the causes of diseases.
/Etiology, in rhetoric, a figure , whereby, in relating an event,we assign also the cause ol it.
AETION, a celebrated painter, w-ho has left us an excellentpicture of Roxana and Alexander, which- he- exhibited at theOlympic Games: it represents a magnificent chamber, .where| Roxana is sitting on a bed of a most splendid appearance, winchI is rendered still more brilliant by her beauty. She looks dpwn^1‘ wards