CHRONOLOGY.
721
A.M. 15. C.
Mutius Scievola’s most extraordinary courage apeace is made, and the Tarquius rejected byPorsenna.
3503 501 Alexander began his reign over Macedonia, and go-
verned 43 years.
3505 499 Zeno Eleates.’the famous Athenian philosopher, now
flourished, and taught the strange doctrine ol Xe-nophantes, viz. That God and the World is oneand the same thing, &c.
3508 496 The first dictator Lartius created at Home.
3509 495 Posthumius, the Roman consul, being made dictator,
goes against and engages the Latins, kills 33,000men, and their three generals, and so endedthe war entered into to resettle Tarquin on thethrone of the Romans, who hereupon retired toCiiinx, and died there in the 90th year of his age,and 14th of his exile.
Darius, king of Persia, reduced the Greek islandsunder his dominions, and laid a tribute on all theprovinces which before only paid a free gift.
3510 494 Mardonius, the Persian general, loses 300 ships about
mount Athos, and more than 90,000 men, by aviolent storm that drove about half his fleet onshore.
3513 491 Miltiades, the Athenian general, with only 10,000
men overcame the Persian general Datis with100,000 foot and 10,000 horse, in the plains ofMarathon.
The Tribuni Plebis first elected at Rome.
3514 490 Pausanias, king of Sparta, conspires with Artabanus,
the Persian general, to make himself sovereign ofall Greece.
The city of Eretria, in Eubcea, pillaged and burntby 'the Persians, and the inhabitants sold forslaves.
A great famine and pestilence in Rome.
3515 489 The Carthaginians endeavouring to free themselves
from paying an annual tribute to the Africans forthe ground whereon their city of Carthage stood,are beat by the Africans, and the tribute lixetlmore firmly than before.
3516 488 Darius, king of Persia, sent ambassadors to Carthage,
to desire those people to abstain from human sa-crifices, and the eating of dog’s flesh, to burn theirdead, and not to bury them, and to furnish himwith a body of auxiliary troops against theGreeks; all which they complied with except thelast.
3518 486 Xerxes succeeds his father Darius Ilystaspis in the
kingdom of Persia, and reigned 21 years.
3519 485 M. Coriolanus banished, stirs up a war against the
Romans with the help of the Volsci.
A'sclrvlus, the tragt dian, nourished.
The Agrarian law enacted.
3520 4S4 Xerxes, the Persian monarch, marches against the
Egyptians who had revolted from him, overcamethem, ami fixed his brother Achxmenes viceroy,and then returns to Susa.
-3521 483 Aristides banished Athens by ostracism ; viz. a writ-
ing the accused person’s name upon a shell by thefreemen, which, if they amounted to 6,000, ba-nished the person for 10 years.
The Roman senate ordered the consecration of thetemple of Castor and Pollux.
Cassius is accused by his father of aspiring to theRoman government, and is condemned and exe-cuted by being cast headlong from the Tarpeianrot k.
3524 480 About this time the Rhodians laid aside the mo-
narchical form of government, and introduced (lierepublican form among them.
Xerxes m, ; kes his first expedition into Greece, whosearmy, when he unived at Thermopylae, consist-ed of 2,317,610 men, exclusive of horseboys,VOL I-NO. 46.
A. M. B. C.
and those who were employed in furnishing thecamp with provisions.
Xerxes destroys Athens after being bravely opposedby Leonidas, king of Sparta, with 300 Spartans,at the straights of Thermopvhe ; but being soonafter engaged by the united Grecian fleet, (con-sisting of 380 sail, under the sole command ofThemistocles, the Athenian general,) at Salamis,the Persians and their confederates, being 2,000sail, Themistocles took and destroyed upwardsof 200 sail, with all the men and ammunition,and dispersed the rest.
Ilamilcar, the Carthaginian general, killed by Gelon,the Syracusan tyrant, and his army totally de-feated.
3525 479 The Spartans decree the prize of prudence to The-
mistocles, the Athenian general, for his late vic-tory over the Persians, honor him w ith a crownof laurel-leaves, and bestow a most magnificentchariot upon him, and escort him with a guard of500 men.
3526 478 Athens laid in ashes by Mardonius, the Persian ge-
neral, a second time, who, soon after, was killedat Platea in a general engagement, where theGreeks overcame the Persians with so great aslaughter, that they left but 3,000 persons aliveout of 30,000. On the same day the Persians weredefeated at Mycale, in Ionia, by the Greeks underthe command of Xanthippe.
The Romans with great difficulty defeated the Ile-trurians, their consul Cincinnatus being slain.
3527 477 The Athenians take Sestos, arid pursue and take Oi-
bazus, one of the Persian generals, and put himand his men to death ; and also Artayctes, ano-ther Persian general, who offered to sacrifice 100talents to Protesiiaus, and pay 200 talents for hisown and his son’s life, but is refused, he being im-paled, and his son stoned before his face.
3528 476 Athens rebuilt by Themistocles.
Hiero, king of Sicily, lived about this time.
Carso Fabius is made the first proconsul, which officegave him consular power over the troops he com-manded.
3532 472 Death of Gelon, the Syracusan tyrant.
Epicharmus, a famous Syracusan poet, flourishedabout this time.
3534 470 Democritus, the philosopher, flourished.
3j 35 469 Cimon, the Athenian, chose admiral of the Grecian
fleet, and sent against the Persians.
3536 468 Cimon, the Athenian general, taking the city Eion
from the Persians; the Persian commander burntthe palace, his garrison, all his wealth, and himself.
A most tremendous earthquake happened at Sparta,in which 20,000 inhabitants, and ali the houses butfive, were destroyed. In consequence of this fra-'gical event, the (deletes and Mcssenians revolted •from the Spartans.
Cimon is veiy successful in Caria, sails to Cyprus,and obtains-a complete victory over the Persianfleet, takes 100 of their ships, pursues and attacksthem on land, routs them, and so gains two vic-tories in one day-.
Cimon, with only four ships, takes 13 of the enemies’gallies, reduces all Chersonesus, conquers the re-volted Thasians, recovers the gold mines fromtiiem, lying between theviversNyssusandStry-raon. upon which the Athenians send a colony tost.tlc in Amphipolis, a famous city of Thrace.
The Lacedemonians solicit the aid of the Atheniansagainst their revolted subjects, the Heiotes andM-tssenians ; upon which Cimon is sent with anarmy, and is very victorious.
3537 467 Death ot Aristides, the great Athenian commander.
3538 466 Upon the death of Hiero, the tyrant of Syracuse, his.
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