740

CHRONOLOGY.

A. M. A. D.

general drought produced a famine, which wasfollowed by a dreadful plague.

4367 363 Julian is slain in battle against the Persians, aud is

succeeded in the empire by Jovian.

4368 364 Jovian repeals all Julian’s laws made against the

Christians, and zealously espoused the orthodoxcause.

Jovian found dead in his bed, the 16th or 17th ofFebruary, having reigned 7 months and 20 days ;and is succeeded in the empire by Valentinian, azealous orthodox Christian.

Valentinian going to Constantinople, proclaimed hisbrother valens colleague with him in the empire,the 28th of March, and about the 18th of June,following parted the empire at Mediana in Dacia,assigning Asia, Egypt, and Thrace, to Valens,and retaining Jllyricuin, Gaul, Spain, Italy, Bri-tain, and Africa, to himself; and then they parted,Valentiniau to Milan, and Valens lor Constanti-nople. Thus the Roman empire became twodistinct, independent monarchies, under thenames of the Roman empire in the East, and theRoman empire in the West.

ThePicts, Scots, Attacots, Saxons, &c. make dreadfuldevastations in the Roman provinces, but are atlast subdued by Theodosius.

4369 363 Procopius, a relation of the late emperor Julian, sets

himself up for emperor at Constantinople.

4370 366 Procopius, defeated by Valens at Nicolia, and his

head struck off, after he had borne the title ofemperor about eight months.

Marcellus, governor of Nice, proclaiming himselfemperor, is the next day put to death togetherwith all his accomplices.

4371 367 The Alemans harrass the Roman frontiers.

4372 368 The Alemans defeated in their own country^ by

Valentinian, in an obstinate battle near Soli-cinium.

4373 369 The emperor Valens overcomes the Goths in several

encounters, and obliges them to sue for peace.

4374 370 A most terrible famine in Phrygia.

4375 371 Valentinian passed two laws greatly favouring Pagan-

ism and its adherents.

4376 372 Firmus, a Moorish prince,> revolts from the Romans,

and is crowned king, making dreadful devasta-tions in Africa ; but in the following year he isreduced to such straits by Theodosius, that hestrangled himself.

4377 373 Sapor, the Persian king, invading the Roman domi-

nions, is driven back by Trajan, a Romangeneral.

4379 375 The Quadians greatly harrassing the Roman fron-

tiers about the Danube, are driven back byValentinian.

Valentinian suddenly dies of convulsion-fits, onthe 17th of November, and is succeeded inthe empire of the west by his youngest son Valen-tinian 11. and Gratian.

4340 376 The Goths being driven out of their country by the

Hunns and Alans, are allowed by the emperorValens to settle in vast numbers in Thrace.

The Ilunns pass the Pains Ma-otis, and dispersethemselves into divers countries, and particularlydisplace the Goths,

4381 377 A terrible plague sweeps away immense numbers of

people in all the western provinces.

4382 378 The Goths commit diradful ravages in Macedonia

and Thessaly, and defeat and kill Valens, theeastern emperor ; and afterwards harrass Thrace,Scythia, Ma-sia, and Illyricum, without op-position.

The Quadi and Sarmatians enter the Roman domi-nions, and destroy all with fire and sword wliere-ever they come.

Gratian, by the death of Valens, becoming emperor

A. M.

4383

4384

4386

4387

4388

4390

4392

4393

4395

4396

4397

4398

A. D.

of the east, as well as of the west, recalled all thecatholic bishops, and restored them to their sees,from whence Valens had banished them, and pub-lished liberty of conscience to all Christians, ex-cept the Manichees, Photinians, and Eunomians,to whom he w ould allow no churches.

379 Gratian proclaims Theodosius his colleague in the

empire, and gave him the rule over the provincesthat Valens had.

The Lombards growing too populous, leave theirnative country Scandinavia, to seek new settle-ments, and first overcome the Vandals.

Thrace delivered from the ravages of the Goths byTheodosius.

380 The Goths again return under Fritigern, Alatheus,

and Kaphrax, break into Thrace and Pannonia,advance to Macedon, and destroy all with fireand sword; but they are at last overthrown byTheodosius.

38<! Gratian takes away the privileges of the Pagan pon-tiffs, and vestal virgins, and drives the Arians outof all the churches which they had held for fortyyears past.

383 Magnus Clemens Maximus revolts in Britain, and

is proclaimed emperor by the soldiers.

Gratian taken at Lyons, and pul to death by order ofMaximus the usurper.

Theodosius, rather than go to war with Maximus,and fearing the inroads of the Barbarians, con-firmed him in the title of emperor.

Theodosius proclaimed his son Arcadius emperorwith great pomp.

Cynegius, prefect of the east, by order of Theodosiusshuts up all the heathen temples, and abolishessuperstition there and in Egypt.

384 The Sarmatians make an irruption into the dominions

of Valentinian, but are driven back with greatslaughter.

386 The Goths break into the empire in order to settle ;but are overthrow n by' Theodosius.

388 The Alemans voluntarily submit to Maximus.Maximus making inroads upon the dominions of Va-lentinian, is defeated, taken prisoner, and behead-ed, by Theodosius, who restores Valentinian tothe full possession of the western provinces.

The Franks ravage Gaul with redoubled fury, andcut the army of Quintinus all to pieces.

389 Theodosius goes to Rome, with his son Ilonorius

and young Valentinian, and entered it in triumph ;and by his extraordinary candid behaviour, isgreatly instrumental in converting the senate andpeople to Christianity.

391 Thel 1 unns commit great ravages in Ma'siaand Thrace.Theodosius goes to Constantinople, and orders

all the heathen temples that remained in that cityto be destroyed, and all the Arians to be drivenout of all the cities in his dominions.

392 The emperor Valentinian murdered by Arbogastes,

on the lath of May ; upon whose death one Eu-genius usurped the empire of the west.

393 Theodosius proclaims Ilonorius, his second son,

Augustus.

Eugenius, the usurper, re-establishes Paganism in Italy.

394 Eugenius and Theodosius engage one another at the

toot of the Alps ; and after a very obstinatefight, in which great numbers are killed on bothsides, Eugenius is at last defeated, taken pri-soner, and beheaded, by Theodosius, who ordersthe children of Arbogastes and Eugenius to beinstructed in the Christian religion, and publishesa general amnesty.

Ilonorius proclaimed emperor of the west by Theo-dosius.

Dreadful earthquakes and darkness all over theempire.

4 Theo-