25

C O P

C OP

COOSACTEES, a tribe of the Creek, orMuskogulge Indiansin North America. See Muskogclge. the moun-

COOSY, or COSA, a river of Asm, which rises

tains of Thibet. f 'Pennsylvania, in

COOTS, or COOTSTOWN, a town.of lennsyi

Berks county. ..nr. * 111 \ Horrid resinous

COPAIBA, or BALSAM OF COPAIBA, a' i q" a ifeira

juice, flowing from incisions made in the ri ^ colour,

officinalis. It is transparent, of a wlutish or 5" ^ £ ua „y

an agreeable smell, and a bitterish pungen ' , on , r kept, itabout the consistence of oil, or a little thicker . . ^j Ut c t 0 es

becomes nearly as thick as honey, retaining 'Hr, , ’ q-| ie bal-

not grow dry or solid, as most other resinous Jill .. • ac _

sam oi copaiba to .... . r ■ ’ vous

jative,

, auu cieanses and heals exulceratibns in t.v^

passages, which it is supposed to perform more ehect.ia .

other balsams, The dose rarely exceeds twenty oilthntjthough some direct sixtv or more. Tt vna}^- t *. cof an ciicosaccharum, or in tint of an emvd^on, mto \ thickbe reduced by triturating it with almonds, or rather w ^

mucilage of gum arabic, rill they are well incorporated,gradually addins; a urnm^ ..*■*-*-

CU\r\** *-

. ,uo,i inner rwmou, juim

sam oi copaiba is an useful corroborating ac erg 1 lPc , nerv ocompanied with a degree of irritation. U M ‘ s puvg a'

system, tends to loosen the bellv, in large <■ 1 . e ur i

promotes urine, and cleanses and heals execrations m tncpassages, whirl-. »*• '•.

,,.«i.wtt;, nil they are well mcorj

gradually adding a proper quantity of water.

COPAiFE.ltA, in botany, a genus of the 'and decaudria class of plants. N"ovate ■ oo'.n -

.. monogynia order,

■ —...... ^.lass ot plants. I?o calyx', petals lour > legumen

ovate ; seed one, with an arillus. . ! -

C. Officinalis. 'This

__ . , One species, viz.

in the province nf* a /■ , tree grows near a village called Ayapel,

days journey fi r, A ”^ loc * 11 > the Spanish West Indies, about ten, 11 , om CartluwTcv, r.L., .i.— -r o. ■-

7,iT , r u ! lgtlle trunk

i ca.abasii shpll« ,1 '~ j ui t ‘ lv -

part to receive theV-'i'. ot :er . y es sels, are placed at the woundedOne of these tre "' iu -'h flows wholly out in a short time,

though thev w,;ii < c • 1 i' v e or six gallons of balsam : butaflm-d any more balsam. WeU alter bein S ta PP<-'d, J’ et they never

ed from the rhn' ,S * a " C< r°^ S rea *- l ' ,e as 3 varnish, which is obtain-heautiful transml ‘ bulm > a tree in North America. It is amelts like other re" |’ e ?* l,0 V 3 'like substance. When heated ithie hi alcohol no S ' nS ’ • 1 11 t ' 1| b' TS from them in not being solu-

ment. Neither J m turpentine without peculiar manage-

The specific u ra , r ^ S * l ’ lsso ' vl -‘ in the fixed oils like other resins.Hatchett found ii,, c ?' ,al vai ' ies from 1,045 to 1,139. Mr.phenomena • so tl °, . 5 p , ln alkalies and nitric acid with the usualThe solution of . ! n . lb ‘ s 'Aspect it agrees with the other resins,

it is nevertheless C0 P a 111 alkalies he found indeed opalescent, butresin when dissni P ei . mane ,'d- It deserves attention, tiiat he foundalkali, to acuni,-e V .? <1 U1 i!'' tric acic '> ant ' then thrown down by anis dissolved m sme .resembling that of copal. When copalmetal, paper &c"I v ., :atlle Lquid, and spread thin upon wood,the coual remains' , tlle volatile menstruum may evaporate,beautiful ami , , P erfec By transparent, and forms one of the mostvarnish thus fo?..i C - varnislles that can well be conceived. Theent in it. tv,, , 13 called copal varnish, from the chief ingredi-

Iong known bv iv. 1 "' 1 '* ’ "’ a ? lirst discovered in France, and wasby the Fn^li.i, name , of vernis martin. Copal varnished usedof copal ii?rinvwj^ dnners made as follows: Four parts by weightliquid i ken? t!r are . R ul blt ° 3 matrass and melted. Thea tube thrust im ' 'Ir’ tl tbe Limes, condensed upon the point of

ni i ras - s ’ dr °p to the b ° tto,nof th “ ik ' uia

proof that all in ‘"’T bussing noise as water does. This is aenough melted ° )\ atl ’ r ls cbss .’pated, and the copal has been longboiled in -i ,vi ’ ■ 1' F ar ^ boiling hdt linseed oil (previouslywell mixed. Tl 1110111 al j>' litharge) is now poured into it, andwhile still l,r,t ;' e lr ! atl ' 3ss is then taken off the fire, and theTiquid,ttentine r J he vvbb at)oul ’ ls own weight of oil of tur-

yeilow whicli dm l l lsb du,s made is transparent, but it has a tint ofwhite around J fP‘ l . nnl j rs endeavour to conceal by giving thethis varnish that 'm i a PP'>' a shade of blue. Tt is withbeen painted wifi' 6 * xi 3,03 °f clocks are covered after havinglie with another * e ’t ^ r ' ^l 1( -‘ldrake has lately favoured the pub-

of dissol-”--

f .uciuog or aissolving copal. This me-

melal ° it °i\ S \ " 1 ' ov| d t ' a strong vessel made of tin or otherTon a J? 11 C f >e sba P ed Hke a wine boUW? and capable of

holding two quarts; it will be convenient to have a handle stronglyriveted to the neck; the neck should be long and have a corkfitted to the mouth, hut a notch or small hole should be made mthe cork, that, when die spirit is expanded by heat, a small por-tion may force its way through (lie hole, and thus prevent the ves-sel from bursting. Dissolve half an ounce of camphor in a quartof spirit of turpentine, and put it into the vessel; tak-- a piece ofcopal the size of a large walnut, reduce it to a coarse pov. tr orvery small pieces, pul them into the tin bolt!.', fasten the corkdown with a wire, and set it, as quick as possible, upon a fire sobrisk as to make the spirit boil almost immediately; then keep, itboiling very gently for about an hour, when so much ol the copalwill be dissolved as will make a very good varnish ; or, if theoperation lias been properly begun, but enough of c- pa! has notbeen dissolved, it may be again put on the lire, and 1 y boiling itslowly for a longer time, it may be at last brought to the consili-ence desired.

COFAKCENAHY. An estate held in coparcenary, is wherelands of inheritance descend from the aucertor to two or mompersons. It arises either by common law, or particular custom.By common law, as where a person seised in fee'-shwple, or lee-tail(lies, and his next heirs are two or more females, his daughters,sisters, aunts, cousins, or their representatives; in this case theyshall all inherit. And these co-heirs are then called coparceners;or for brevity sake parceners. Parceners, by particular custom,are where lands descend, as in gavel-kind, to all the males inequal degree, as sons, brothers, uncles, or other khidred ; and ineither of these cases, all the parceners put together make but oneheir, and have but one estate among them.

COPE, in Doomsday Book, as Mr. Flagar has interpreted it,signifies a hill.

Cope is also the name of an ancient tribute paid to the king orlord of the soil, out of the lead mines in Derbyshire.

COPELAND Islands, three islands, in the Irish Sea, on thecoast of Down; near Carrickfergus Bay. Their nanus are Big,Cross, and Mew. Lon. 5. 53. \\ . Cat. 54. 33. N.

COPENHAGEN, anciently called Kiobmandshaven, the ca-pital of the kingdom of Denmark, situated on the E. shore of theisland of Zealand, upon a line bay of the Baltic sea, near the straitcalled the Sound. Copenhagen lies 300 miles S. W. of Stock-holm, and 500 N. E. of London. Lon. 12. 40. E. Lat. 55.41. N.

COPERNICAN System, that system of the world, whereinthe sun is supposed to rest in the centre, and the planets, with theearth, to move in ellipses round him. See Astronomy.

COPERNICUS, Nicolaus, an eminent astronomer, born atThorn in Prussia, Jail. 10, 1472. He was taught the Latin amiGreek languages at homo ; and afterwards studied philosophy andphysic at Crotovia. 11 is genius being naturally turned to mathe-matics, he pursued that science through all its various branches.He set out for Ilalv when lie was 23 years of age; but staid atBononia some time, with the celebrated astronomer DotninicusMaria ; whom he assisted in making his observations. Fromthence lie passed to Rome, where lie soon acquired so great repu-tation, that he was chosen professor of mathematics. lie alsomade some astronomical observations about A. D. 1500. Return-ing to his own country some years after, lie began to apply hisvast knowledge in mathematics, to correct the system of astrono-my which then prevailed. He collected all the books which hadbeen written by astronomers, and examined the various hypothesesinvented for the solution of the celestial phenomena. Of all tluse,none pleased him so well as the Pythagorean, which made the sunto be the centre of the system, and supposed the earth to movenot only round the sun, but round its own axis also. He discern-ed much beautiful order and proportion in this ; and that all thatembarrassment and perplexity from the epicycles and eccentrics,which attended the Ptolemaic hypothesis, were here entirely re-moved. This system, then, he began to write upon, when he wasabout 35; and after more than twenty years, lie brought hisscheme to perfection, and established that system of the worldwhich is now universally received. See Astronomy. His sys-tem, however, was then looked upon as a most dangerous heresy ;for which he was thrown into prison by Pope Urban VIII. aminot suffered to come out till he had recanted his opinion, and thusrenounced the testimony of his senses. He died May 24, 1543,aged 70. This extraordinary man had been made qan®n of WorinsM Vv