farriery;

389

in every night lor a considerable length of time ; hut no radicalcure can be in general obtained but by extirpation, which gene-rally succeeds if well performed, and the wound be afterwardstreated rationally. A set on is a good remedy for the cine of en-cysted tumours of considerable size. It should be passed quitethrougn, from the highest to the lowest part, and suffered to remaintill the sides of the cyst are united, after which it should be with-drawn.

Of Wounds.

As the blood therefore is the best balsam of Nature, and in casesof fresh wounds in a healthy system, is endued with the vis medica-trix Nalune, it becomes an important object in the veterinaryart, to ado the speedie-t and most effectual means of preventingWhy great loss of it, by the use of the beat styptics, in cases where,from any sudden accident, a horse has been wounded m a largevein ui artery, and in a situation where perhaps the aid of no sur-geon or skilful farrier can be readily procured. On this sub-ject a memoir was presented to the It oval Academy of Sciencesby M. La Fo-se, wherein he gives an account of the success hehad met with, in stopping the bleedings of very considerable ar-teries in horses, by applying the powder of pull-balls, the arteriescicatr.zing by this means only, without any succeeding haemor-rhage. lu tire dressing of wounds, sores, &c. the following generalrules ought carefully to he attended to by every practitioner: 1.To remove all foreign bodies (if it can be done with safety ), alllacerated or torn parts, whether of the flesh or of the boot, See.which, if left in the wound might possibly impede the cure. 2.All wounds should be carefully inspected at every dressing, ob-serving attentively whether any alteration has been made on theirsurface, w hether they be clean at the bottom, and free from anyextraneous substance that may hinder or retard the cure. 3.Cramming wounds with bard tents, and syringing them frequentlyw ith spirituous tinctures, are extremely hurtful. The former in-creases the pain and inflammation, Sec. , the latter produces acallus upon the internal surlare of the wounds, which preventstheir healing. 4. I he dressing of wounds should lie smooth andeasy upon the part 1 ’, a. Over-light ligatures or bandages shouldbe carefully avoided.

In all 1‘kesh Wounds made by cutting instruments, there isnothing more required, than to bring the lips of the wound intocontact by suture or bandage, provided the part will allow of it ;for on wounds of the hips, or other prominent parts, and acrosssome of tlie large muscles, the stitches are apt to burst on thehorse’s lying down and rising up in the stall. In such cases, thelips should not be brought close together : one stitch is sufficienttor a wound two indies long; but in large wounds, they shouldbe at an inch or more distance ; and if the wound is deep in themuscles, care should be taken to pass the needles proportionallydeep, otherwise the wound will not unite properly from the bot-^ ^' e woll!K ^ should bleed much from an artery divided,the first step should be to secure it, by passing a crooked needleUnderneath, and tying it up with a waxed thread: if the arterycannot be got at this way, apply a button of lint or tow to theDiouth of the bleeding ves-els dipped in a strong solution of binevitriol, styptic water, oil of vitriol, or hot oil of turpentine, pow-dered vitriol, or colcothar, Sec. and remember always to apply itJdose to the mouth of the bleeding vessels, and take care that ft is*ept there by a proper compress and bandage till an eschar isornied; otherwise it will elude your expectations, and frequentlyaim you with fresh bleedings. In sbghter bleedings we wouldrecommend a pledget of lint dipt in oii, or rather lightly greased,o be laid over the wound ; and above it a piece of sponge dipt1 her in melted wax, or strong glue, or mucilage of gum Arabic;

(tressed till it hardens. This, secured with a firm bandage,

1 , in many cases, be effectual ; for as the sponge dilates by heatr moisture, (according as it is prepared), the compression will notreadily give way. 1

Of Ulcers in general.

ulcers,.that are not attended with any particular obstaclethe sa"" iea m § ln the general state of the system, require muchproceed i eatniPn t woun( * s » but as all ulcers, difficult to heal,before il f" a P artlcu ' ar indisposition of the blood and juices,ie former ran be brought into any order, the latter mustVOL. II—No. si. ° J

he corrected bv alteratives. The first intention in the cure ofulcers is to bring them to digest, or discharge a thick, white mat-ter; which will, generally, be effected by the ointment, No. 43,ill. hut should the sore not digest kindly by these means, butdisciiarge a glcelv thin matter, and look pale, we must then haverecourse to warmer dressings, -ucli as balsam, or oil ot turpentine,melted down with common digestive. No. 45, I, and a strong beerpoultice over them. It is proper also in tiie.-e kinds of sores,where the circulation is languid, and the natural heat abated, towarm the part, and quicken the motion of file blood, by foment-ing it well at the time of dressing. This will thicken the matter,and rouse the native heat of the part, and then the former dress-ings may be re-applied. If the lips of the ulcer grow hard or cal-lous, foment strongly with a decoction of camomile and mal-lows, as hot as can be conveniently applied: then scarify superfi-cially the whole part, both longitudinally and transversely with a \fleam or abscess lancet, so as entirely to penetrate the callous sub-stance upon the surface: after which it must he dressed with di-gestive ointment twice a-day ; the fomentation and scarifications tolie repeated occasionally, till the callosity is quite sloughed offandcomes awav with the dressings. As soon as the callosity is re-moved. and the discharge comes to its proper consistence, dress ingeneral with a small portion of lint thinly covered with either otthe basilicons, placed under a pledget of tow spread with the sim-ple digestive : or softened with oil of turpentine, where a copiousdischarge is required. Should the wound incarnate too fast, andfill with fungous flesh, treat il as directed for wound;.

Of a Bone Stavin.

This disorder is a bony excrescence, or hard swelling, growingon the inside of the hock of a horse’s leg. A spavin, that beginson the lower part of the hock, is not so dangerous as that whichputs out higher, between the two round processes of the leg bone ;and a spavin near the edge is not so bad as that which is more in-ward toward the middle, as it does not so much affect the bendingof the hock. A spavin that comes liy a kick or blow, is at first notrue spavin, but a bruise on the hone, or membrane which coversit ; therefore not of Unit consequence as when it proceeds from anatural cause : and those that put out on colts and young horses,are not so bad as those that happen to horses in their full strengthand maturity ; but in very old horses they are generally incurable.Tlie usual method of treating this disorder is by blisters and tiring ;without any regard to tin: situation, or cause whence it proceeds.'Finis, if a fulness of the fore .-part of the tioek comes upon hardriding, or any other violence, which threatens a spavin : in tiiatease, such coolers and rcpellers are proper as are recommendedin strains and bruises. Those happening to colts and young horsesare generally superficial, and require only the milder applications;for it is better to w ear them dow n by degrees, than to remove themat once by severe means. A second application of tlie blisteringointment, will, in colts and young horses make a perfect cure.But when tlie spavin lias been of long standing, it will require tobe renewed, perhaps five or six times : but after the second appli-cation, a greater distance of time must he allowed, otherwise itmight leave a scar, or cause a baldness ; to prevent which, once a-fortnight or three weeks is often enough ; and it mav in tiiis man-ner be continued six or seven times, without tlie least blemish, andwill generally he attended with success. But the spavins that putout on older or full-aged horses are apt to be more obstinate, beingseated more inward : and when they run among the sinuosities oftlie joint, they are for the most part incurable. Tlie best and safestmethod, is to apply tlie blistering ointment, No. 47, 111, and con-tinue it according to the directions for some months, if necessary ;tlie horses in tlie intervals working moderately : the hardness w illthus be dissolved by degrees, and wear way insensibly.

Of' Curbs, Jardons, and King Bones.

V. As a spavin rises among tlie bones on tlie fore-part of thebook, so a curb takes its origin from the junctures of the samebones, and rises on the hind part, forming a pretty large tumourover the back part of tlie hind leg, attended witli stiffness, andsometimes witt pain and lameness.

A Curb proceeds from the same causes that produce spavins ;viz. hard riding, strains, blows, or kicks. The cure at first is ge-nerally easily enough effected by blistering, repeated two or three5 G times