F A U
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"'as, that he should he excused from civil offices, and that themother should have liberty, in her father’s life-time, to make av. iil, and manage her estate without the authority of tutors.
Father, in theology, is used in speaking ot the drst Person ofthe ever-blessed Trinity. See Trinity. ,
Father is also used in speaking of spiritual and moral things.Tin s, Abraham is called the father of the faithful.
Father, in church history, is applied to ancient authors whohave preserved in their writings the tradition of the church. ThusSt. Chrysostom, St. Basil, &c. are called Greek fathers, and St.Augustine and St. Ambrose Latin fathers. No author who wrotelater than the twelfth century is dignified with the title ofFather.
Father is also a title of honour given to prelates and digni-taries of the church, to the superiors of convents, to congregationsand ecclesiastics, and to persons venerable for their age or quality.Thus we say the right-reverend father in God , the lather generalof the benedictiues, the fathers of the council of Nice, father of hiscountry, &c.
FATHOM, \_fir(hn, Saxon,] a measure of length containingsix feet, or two yards; the space to which a man can extend both•rnis.
FATNESS. See Corpulency. It is said, that for one fatperson in France or Spain, there are UK) in England and Hol-land .
FATS1SIO, an island of Japan , barren and almost inaccessible,SO miles from the S. coast of Niphon.
FATTENING of Colours, is a term employed by painters,and signifies a coagulation of the oil, which is occasioned by mix-ing it with several kinds of pigments: lienee, when it lias beenkept for a considerable time, it becomes so viscid and glutinous,as to be wholly incapable of being worked, either with the brushor pencil. In this state, a due proportion of fresh oil should beadded.
1A1 I I POL. R, or I ATEPOUR, a town of Ilindoslan in theprovince ot Agra , 23 miles \V. of Agra.
1 A 1 LA, in mythology, the wife of the god Famnis, who was■supposed to inspire women with the knowledge of futurity, as Eau-nus himself did the men.— Fatua had her name from j'uri, q. d.vuticiiairi, to prophesy. See Fauna.
FAlUAUlt, in antiquity, where persons who, appearing in-spired, foretold things to come.
'AVAGNANA, or FOVOGXAA \, a fertile island on thecoast of Sicily , 15 miles in circumference, with a fort. Lon.12. 25 E. Lat. 38.16. N. ’
,, • AN I, a river of Naples, which runs into the sea, 9 miles
S.S.L. 0 fSi lu illace.
1’A VAR A, a river of Sicily , which runs into the Mediterra-nra ». 5 miles S. of Modica."
I’AUCIGNY, or FAUSS1GNY, a late province of Savoy,now annexed to France , and included in the department of MontWaite.
FAVEUNEY, a (own of France in the department of UpperSaone , R miles N. of V esoul. ,, n ,i Cel-
FAV1SSA1, in antiquity, were, according lol-istus an Gbus, cisterns to keep water in. . j.,,,nHnu>wt
P'AULQUEMONT, -a town ot I-ranee, m the d.partmof Moselle, seated near the Nied, 10 miles E- ot t t
FAUNA, a deity among the Romans. She wasFicus , and was originally called Manca. Ilev mama fuUl _
nus procured her the name ot Fauna, and her bn<m e o saw aFity those of Fatua and Fatidica. It n> saK .’.} '?*, ....commonman atter her marriage with FV.unus, and that hei -chastity occasioned her being ranked among 1'“'JW 1 ” 'death." She is the same, according to some, with Bona ft • urFAUNALIA, in antiquity, Roman feasts celebrated m a ji iof the god Faunus , who was the same among the 1 01 '■ ‘ -.1
Ran of the Greeks. The Faunalia were held on the no ' _■of December, The principal sacrifice was a roe-buck. • >
according to Horace, a kid, attended with libations o .'.burning of incense. It was properly a country festival, . " Aformed in the fields and villages w ith peculiar J 0 .}'.
Horace gave a very gas description of it, in Lib. n>- 1 ^ J":., n i
FA UN I, or FAL'N'S, among the ancients, were:a ipu>aoftlemi-gods, inhabiting the forests; called also Sylva >
VOL II.—no. 82 .
differing from the Satyrs . They were said to delight in vine-yards : and generally appear as attendants of Bacchus , in the re-presentations of Bacchanal feasts and processions. They were re-presented as half men, half go As, having the horns, ears, feet, andtail, of a goat, a very Hat nose, and the rest human.
F AUNUS, in fabulous history, the sou of Ficus , who reignedin Italy , about 1300 years before the Augustan age. 11 is bravery,as well as wisdom, gave rise to the tradition, that he was the souof Mars. His great popularity, and his fondness for agriculture,made his subjects revere him as one of their country deities afterhis death. He was represented with all the equipage of the satyrs,and was consulted to give oracles.
FAY ON I US, among the Romans, the wind which blew direct-ly from the west.
FAVORTTO, in music, as choro favorito, a chorus in whichare employed the best voices and instruments, to' sing the recita-tives, play the rilornellas, &c. ; this is otherwise called the littlechorus, or choro recitante.
FAUSSEBR AYE, a small mount of earth, four fathoms wide,erected on the level round the foot of the rampart, to fire uponthe enemy, when he is so far advanced that you cannot force himback ; and also to receive the ruins which the camions make inthe body of the place.
FAWKES, Francis, an ingenious poet, who was educated atLeeds, whence he was transplanted to Jesus College, Cambridge,where he took the degree of M. A. Entering into orders, he set-tled first at Brain ham in Yorkshire , near Mr. Lane’s elegant seat,which lie celebrated in verse in 1745. FI is first poetical publica-tions were, “ Gawin Douglas’s Description of May and Winter modernised.” Removing afterwards to Croydon in Surrey, he re-commended himself to the notice of Archbishop Herring, to whomhe addressed an Ode on his recovery in 1754, printed in Dods-ley’s Collection ; and who collated him in 1755 to the vicarage ofOrpington. Mr. Fawkes lamented his patron’s death in 1757, ina pathetic Elegy, entitled “ Aurelius,” first printed in 1763. Hemarried at this time Miss Furrier of Leeds. In April 1774, lieexchanged Ids vicarage for the rectory of Hayes. lie was als»one of the chaplains to file Princess Dowager of Wales. . lie pub-lished a volume of Poems bv subscript on in 8vo. 1761; thePoetical Calendar in 1763; and Poetical Magazine, 1764, in con-junction with Mr. Woly ; Partridge-shooting, an Eclogue, 1767,4to. ; and a Family Bible, with notes, in 4to. a compilation. Buthis great strength lay in translation, in which few, since Pope ,have equalled him. Witness his fragments of Menander , hisWorks of Anacreon, Sappho , Bion, Moschus, and Mustrus,12itio. 1760; his Idylliums of Tlieocrilus, 8vo. 1767, and his Ar-gonauties of Apollonius Rhopius; both by subscription, but thelatter posthumous, and completed by the Rev. Mr. Meen, in 8vo,1780. lie died Aug. 26, 1777. -
FAWN, among sportsmen, a buck, or doe, of the first year; orthe young one of the buck’s breed in its fir.-t year.
FAYAL, the most western of the Azores . It ri about 27 mileslong and 9 broad ; and abounds in cattle, fowls, fish, and beech-trees. The chief town is V illa Horta.
FAYENCE, a town of France , in the department of Var, 10miles N. E. of Draguignan . I,on. 7.0. E. Lat. 43i38. N.
FAYETTFI, a county of Kentucky , surrounded by Clarke,Bourbon, Scott, Franklin, Woodford, Maddison, and Mercercounties. Lexington is the capital.
FAyettf., a county of Pennsylvania , bounded on lie N. byWestmoreland, E. by Some.set, S. by the Mates of Maryland andV irginia, and W. by the Monongahcla. The western pails arefertile; the eastern mountainous, abounding in iron ore. I woiron manufactories are established in it.
Fayette, a district of North Carolina , comprehending sixcounties, bounded on the N. by Hillsborough, S. E. by Wil-mington and Newbern, S.’by South Carolina , and W. by Salis-bury.
b’AYETTEVI LI,E, a flourishing town of North Carolina ,the capital of Cumberland county, and of F’ayette district: seatedin a settlement of Scots Highlanders, on the N. W. branch ofCapo Fear river, 55 miles N. W. of Campden.
F’AYOUM, or F’EIUM, a province of E,:cpt, on the W.side of tlv* Nile , extending from that river to Moeris, now Bir-5 K Pet