IT E E
II E T) 680
S. part of the island, about four miles from the sea-coast; and isdivided into three parts at the top, the middle-point being thehighe.-t. From an exact observation with Kamsden’s barometer,it is ibOO feet above the level of the sea, '( hey were obliged touit their horses at the tirst opening from which the fire had burst.They describe this as a place with lofty glazed walls and high-glazed cliffs, unlike any tiling which they had ever seen before.A. little higher up they found a large quantity of grit and stones ;ami still farther on another opening, which, though not deep, de-scended 1 nver than that of the highest point. Here they imaginedthey plainly discerned the effects of boiling water; and not farirom thence the mountain was covered with snow, excepting somespots. The reason of this difference they perceived to be the hotvapour ascending from the mountain. As they ascended higherthey found the spots become larger: and about ‘J00 yards belowthe summit, a hole about a yard and an half in diameter was ob-served, from whence issued so hot a steam, that they could notmeasure the degree of heat w ith the thermometer. The mountainseems to be marie up, not of lava, but of sand, grit; and ashes;which are throyvn up with the stones partly discoloured, and partlymelted by tile fire. Several sorts of pumice-stones were found onit, among which was one with some sulphur. Sometimes the pu-mice was so much burnt, that it was as tight as tow. Its form andcolour were sometimes verv tine, but at the same lime so soft, thatit was difficult to remove it from one place to another. The com-mon lava was found in both large and small pieces; as well as aquantity of blac k jasper burned at the extremities, and resemblingtrees and brandies.
HECTIC-FEVER. See Medicine.
HECTOR, the son of Priam and Hecuba , and the father ofAstyanax , celebrated for the valour with which he defended thecity of Troy against the Greeks, lie was killed by Achilles , whodragged Uis body, fastened to his chariot, thrice round the walls ofTroy, and afterwards restored it to Priam for a large ransom.
HECUBA, in fabulous history, the wife of Priam, the last king of Troy, and the mother of nineteen of his fifty-three children.She was the daughter of Dvnias, according to Homer , or of Cis-seus, according to Virgil. When with child of Paris she dreamedthat she brought forth a firebrand.
HEDAMORA, a town of Sweden , in Westmania, on theDahl, fifty-live miles N. W. of L'psal. Lon. 17. 7. E. l.at. (it).14. N.
ilEDERA, Ivy ; in botany, a genus of the monogynia order,anil pentandria class of plants; natural order, Hederaceax Petalslive, oblong; berry pentaspermous, girt by the calyx. There aresix species.
HEDERACErE, [from hedtra, ivv,] the forty-sixth order inI.innatus’s fragments ot a natural method. See Botany .
HEDGE, [/teggr, Sax.] in agriculture, a fence made roundgrounds with prickly bushes, or woven twigs. Hedges are eitherplanted to make fences round inclosures, or to divide the severalparts of a garden. When they are designed as outward fences,they are planted either with haw thorn, crabs, or black-thorn: butthose hedges w hich are planted in gardens, either to surround wil-derness-quarters, or to screen the other parts of a garden fromsight, are planted according to the fancy of the owner. Someprefer evergreens, in which case the holly is best; next the yew,jhen the laurel, laurustinus, phyllyrea, &c. Others prefer thebeech, the horn-beam, and the elm. Before planting, it is properto consider the nature of the land, what sort of plants will thrivebest in it; and what is the soil from whence they are to he taken.The sets ought to be about the thickness of one’s little finger, andcut within about four or live inches of the ground ; they ought tobe fresh taken up, straight, smooth, and well-rooted. Those plantsthat are raised in the nursery are to be preferred. In planting out-side-hedges, the turf is to be laid, with the grassy side downwards,on that side of the ditch on w hich the bank is designed to benude ; and some of the best mould should be laid upon it to bedthe quick, which is set upon it at a foot asunder. When the firstrow of hawthorn, or quick is set, it must be covered with mould ;and when the bank is a foot high, another row of sets may be laidagain t the spaces of the former, and covered like the others. Thebank is then to he topped with the bottom of the ditch, and a dry-er dead hedge '.aid, to shade and defend the under plantation.Stakes should then be driven into the loose earth, so low as to
reach the firm ground: these are to be placed at about two feetand a half distant: to render the edge yet stronger, odder it, thatis, bind the top of the stakes with small long poles, and when theeddering is finished, drive the stakes anew. The quick must bekept constantly weeded, and seemed from being cropped by cat-tle; and in February it will be proper to cut it within an inch of(lie ground, which will cause it to strike root afresh, and help itmuch in the growth. The crab is frequently planted for edges.
Plants raised from the kernels of the small wild crabs are to hepreferred to those raised from the kernels of all sorts of apple*without distinction ; because the plants of the true small crab ne-ver shoot so strong as those of the apples, and may therefore hebetter kept within the proper compass of a hedge. The black-thorn, or sloe, is often planted for hedges. The best method is,to raise the plants from the stones of the fruit, which should hesown about (lie middle of January, if the weather permit, in theplace where the hedge is intended. When they are kept longerout of the ground, it will be proper to mix them with sand, andkeep them in a cool place. The same fence will do for it whensown, as when planted. The holly is sometimes planted forhedges; hut where it is exposed, it is verv dithcult to prevent itsbeing destroyed: otherwise, it is by far (lie most beautiful plant;and, being an evergreen, affords much better shelter for cattle inw inter than any other sort of hedge. See Husbandry.
Hedge-fumitory. See Fumaria.
Hedge-hog. See Ekinaceus.
Hedge-hyssop. See Guatioi.a.
II edge-mustard. See Erysimum.
II EDGE-SPARROW. See MoTACILLA.
I1EDJAS, or HEDSJAS, a province of Arabia , bounded ontlie E. by Nejed ; on the S. bv Yemen ; on the W . by the Ara-bian Gitlph; and on the N. by the desert ofSmai.
HEDWIGIA, a genus of the octandria monogynia class andorder. Calyx four-toothed ; corolla four-eleft; style none ; cap-sule tricoccous; seed a nut. There is one species, a tree of St.Domingo.
I1EDYCARYA, a genus of the icosandria order, and diceciaclass of plants. Calyx of the male cleft in eight or ten parts; nocorolla; anthera* in the bottom of the calyx, four-turrow ed, beard-ed at top. Calyx and corolla of the female as in the male ; germspedicellated ; the nuts pedicellated and monospermous. There isone species, a tree of Guiana.
HEDYCREA, a genus of the class and order pentandria mo-nogynia. Calyx one-Ieafed, hemispherical, five-toothed ; corollanone; drupe oval, one-celled ; nectary ovate, covered with fibres,one-celled; shell hard. There is one species, a tree of Guiana.
HEDYOSMUM, a genus of the class and order monoecia po-lyandria. The male is an ament with anthers : no corolla, peri-anth, or filaments; female calyx three-toothed; corolla none;style one, three-cornered; berry three-cornered, one-sceded.
There are two species, shrubs of Jamaica .
IIEDYOTIS, a genus of the monogynia order, and tetrandriaclass ot plants; natural order, Stellatie. Corolla monopetalous,funnel-shaped; capsule bilocular, polyspermous, inferior. Thereare eight species, herbs ol Ceylon, &-c.
IIEDY PNOIS, a genus of the class and order syngenesia po-lygamia xqualis The calyx calycled, with short scales; seedscrowned with the calycle; receptacle naked, hollow-dotted.
I1EDYSARUM, French Honey-sucklk : in botany, agonus of the decandria order, and diadelphia class of plants; naturalorder, Papilionacetc. The Carina of the corolla is transversely ob-tuse: the seed-vessel a legumen with monospermous joints. 'I'hereare ninety species, see Plate LXV.
HEEL. See Anatomy.
Heei., in the sea-language. If a ship leans on one side, whe-ther site be aground or alloat, then it is said she heels a-starboardora-port; or that she heels otlwards, or to tint shore; that is, in-clines more to one side than to another.
Heel of a Horse, the lower hinder part of the foot compre-hended between the quarters, and opposite to the toe. i he heelof a horse should be high and large, and one side of it should notrise higher than the other upon the pastern. See Farriery .
Heel of a Horseman. This beiug the part that is armedwith the spur, the word is used for the spur itself; “ This horseunderstands the heel well.” To ride a horse from one livel to an- .
other,