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pies; bounded on the N. by Terra di Bari and the gnlph of Ve-nice ; on the E. by the same gnlph, and on theS. and W. by agreat bay between that and the Basilicata . It is a mountainouscountry, abounding in figs, olives, and wine.
Otranto , the capital of the above province, 37 miles S.E. ofBrindisi , and 206 of Naples. J,on. 18. 35. E. Lat. 40. 20. N.
OTR1CO 1,[, a small town of Italy , in the late ecclesiastical state,and in the duchy of Spoleto, 32 miles N. of Rome . Lon. 12. 23.E. Lat. 42. 26. N.
OTSEGO, a county, lake, and town of New York , boundednorth by Oneida county , north-east by Montgomery, east bySchoharie, south by Ulster , and west by Tyoga counties.
OTTAVVAS, two nations of North American Indians, both inthe north western territory, viz. a tribe who reside on the banksof Lake Huron , near Smganamby, and have 150 warriors. 2. Atribe vvlio reside near Detroit , and have about 500 warriors. 3. Ariver in Canada .
OTTER , in zoology. See Mustela.
OTTERY, St. Mary’s, a town in Devonshire , 159 miles \V.of London, and 10 miles E. of Exeter .
OTTOMAN PORTE , a title given by Europeans to theGrand Signior, or the Turkish emperor ; from Othoman, the firstemperor of the Turks.
OTTON A, a town of Naples, on the Adriatic, 43 miles E, ofAqnileia. Lon. 42. 50. E. Lat. 42. 28. N.
OVAL, is an oblong curvilinear figure, otherwise called ellipsis.See Ellipsis. However, the proper oval, or egg-shape, differsconsiderably from that of the ellipsis, being an irregular figure,narrower at one end than at another: whereas the ellipsis, or ma-thematical oval, is equally broad at each end : though these twoare often very improperly confounded together ; even geometri-cians calling the oval a false el'ipsis.
OUALO. or T10UAL, a kingdom of Africa, on the banks ofthe Senegal , and coast of the Atlantic, 96 miles long, from E. toW. and 18 broad from N. to S. The soil is rich, producing greatquantities of maize, rice, legumes, indigo, cotton, tobacco, andpalm trees ; the meadows feed numerous herds of cattle, and gameand wild fowls are plentiful and very various.
OVAR1A. See Anatomy.
OVARIUM , in botany, the germen or seed-bud, containingthe rudim 1 nts of the future seed. See Botany .
OUAKVILLE, a town of France , in the department of theEure and Loire, and district of Janville , 12 miles S. E. ofChartres.
OVATION, [o-Mtio, Lat.] a less triumph among the Romans,allowed to tliose commanders who hail won a victory withoutmuch bloodshed, or defeated some less formidable enemy.
Ovation, generally began at the Albanian mountain, whencethe general with his retinue made his entry into the city on foot,"'th many flutes or pipes sounding in concert as lie passed along,and wearing a garland of myrtle as a token of peace. The termovation, according to Servius, is derived from oris, a sheep ; be-cause on this occasion the conqueror sacrificed a sheep, as in tri-umph he sacrificed a hull. The senate,-knights, and principalplebeians, assisted at the procession,which concluded at the capitol,where rams were sacrificed to Jupiter. 'The first ovation wasgranted to Publius Posthumus the consul, for his victory over theSabines, A.U.C. 253.
OUDE, a province of Ilindostan Proper, on both sides of theGanges , bounded on the north by mountains which separate itfrom Thibet, east by Bahar, south by Allahabad, and west by Agra .Its length according to major Rennel, is 360 miles from E. to W.and its breadth from 150 to 180.
Dude, an ancient city in the above province, to which it gavename, on the Ganges , near Fyzabad.
OUDENAKDE, a town of France , in the department ofthe Scheldt, and late province of Austrian Flanders , 12 miles Si. ofGhent , 15 N.E. of Tournav, and 27 \V. of Brussels. Lon. 3. 49.E. Lat. 50. 51. N.
OU DEN BE KG, or OUDENBURG, a town of France , in (liedepartment of the Lvs, and late province of Austrian Flanders ,‘ E ’ ° f ° Sl *" d ' alKl 10 W ' of Lon - 3 - °- E -
OUDEWATER, a town of Batavia or Holland , in the depart-ment of Delft, 10 miles S. W. of Utrecht , and 20 S. of Amster-dam.
VOL. IV,—NO. 167.
OUDIPOUR, CIIEITORE, or MF.YWAR, a province ofHindostan, one of the principal states belonging to the Rajpoots.It is about 100 miles square, and lies between Lat. 24° and28° N.
OuinrooR, Chf.itore, or Meywar, the capital of the aboveprovince, in the country’ of Agimere, 120 miles S.S.W. of Agi-‘ mere city ; and 2 G 0 S.W. of Agra . Lon. 74. 42. K. Lat. 24.42. N.
OVEN, a kind of domestic furnace, used for baking bread,pies, tarts, &c. of a circular structure, with a very low roof, welllined, on the top, bottom, and sides, with stone; it has a smallentrance in the front, which is exactly fitted by a kind of door.It appears from the kiln-burnt pottery which lias been discoveredin the British sepulchres, and from the British appellation of anodyn or oven, that furnaces for baking were generally knownamong the original Britons. An odyn was, therefore, erected atthe mansion of each British baron, for the use of Himself and hisretainers. In the year 1800, the Society for the Encouragementof Arts, &c. conferred a bounty of fitteeo guineas on Mr. S.Holmes, for an invention of an oven, which is heated with-out flues. The whole consists of a cast-iron oven, from theside of which a solid piece of that metal projects into the fire,where it constantly remains; and, on becoming red-hot, commu-nicates Jo the whole oven a degree of heat sufficient for bakingbread, while it at the same time assists the fire in roasting meat.
OUEN-TCHEOU, a city of China of the first rank, in theprovince ofTche-kian, 765 miles S. E. of Peking. Lon. 110. 30.E. Lat. 28. 1 . N.
OVER, in general, signifies one thing being above another,through, or from, one end to another, beyond, cross, or overtlnvart:it also denotes excess, Sec. thus,
Over-blow, among seamen, is when the winds blow so veryhard that the ship can bear no topsails.
Over-dove, in the manege: a horse is said to be over-donewhen his wind and strength are broke and exhausted with fa-tigue.
Over-flowing of Lands, among husbandmen, is commonlyeffected by diverting the streams of rivers, brooks, land-floods, orsprings, or some part of them, out of their natural channel ; butwhere the stream lies too low for this, they are made use of toturn such engines as may raise a sufficient quantity of water to doit. The most useful engine for this purpose is the Persian wheel,which is a wheel fitted with buckets at its cogs, to raise the waterand discharge it on higher grounds. Where there are no streamsto turn this wheel, the farmers have recourse to pumps and otherengines moved by the wind. Lauds that lie low, near brooks,give more frequent opportunities for these practices than thosewhich are near rivers ; the brooks having greater falls, and therivers running more slow and level: but when it can be effectedby the waters of large rivers, the land is yet more enriched by it;these waters being much more fruitful than the others. Whenthe water is by this engine thrown into the trough, it is to be con-ducted by it to the highest part of the land; and when that issufficiently flooded, the water is to be let into a large, but notdeep, trench ; several small ones running out of which to all partsof the laud, may convey it every where, and every part may beenriched by it. It is always proper to contrive this matter so, thatthe overflowing may he often repeated, and the water quickly car-ried off: for when it is suffered to be long upon the land in win-ter, it is apt to breed rushes, and other coarse plants, upon theground.
Over-grown, on board a-ship, When the waves of the seagrow high, the mariners call it rough-sea; but when the surges andbillows grow higher, then it is an over-grown sea.
Over-hale. In the sea-language, a rope is said to be over-iniled when drawn too stiff, or haled the contrary way.
Over-hauling, the act of opening and extending the severalparts of a tackle, or other assemblage of ropes, communicatingwith blocks or dead eyes. It is used to remove those blocks to asufficient distance from each other, that they may again be placedin a state of action, so as to produce the effect required.
Over-rake. Among seamen, when a ship, riding at anchor, sooverheats herself into a head-sea, that she is washed by the wavesbreaking in upon her, they sav the waves over-rnke her.
Over-reach, in the manege, is when a horse strikes his hinri-| feet against his lore. The word is also used for a strain or paiu->• 2 Z ful