RAC
RAD
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one without whom the rest of the justices in some cases cannotproceed.
QUOTATION, in literature, a citation, or passage, rehearsedexpressly in one author from another. Quotations are usuallydistinguished by inverted commas.
QUOTIDIAN, [ quntidionu , Lat.] in medicine, an intermit-ting fever, or ague, the.paroxysm or tit whereof returns every day.See Medicine. This species of intermittent fevers is not so com-mon as the tertian and quartau.
QUOTIENT, in arithmetic, the number which arises by divid-ing the dividend by the divisor. See Arithmetic.
"QUO WARR A*NTO, inlaw, a writ which lies against a per-| son or corporation, that usurps any franchise or liberty against the; king; as to have a fair, market, or the like, in order to oblige the. usurper to shew by what right and.title he holds or claims suchi franchise.
R.
R is a liquid consonant, being the 17th letter of our alphabet.
Its sound is formed by a guttural extrusion of the breath vi-brated through the mouth, with a sort of quivering motion of thetongue drawn from the teeth, and canulated with the tip a littleelevated towards the palate. When not aspirated, it is always fol-lowed by a vowel at the beginning of words and syllables. As anabbreviation, in the notes of the ancients, R. or RO. signifiesRoma; R. C. Romana civitas ; R. G. C. rei gerendae causa; R.F. E. D. recte factum et dictum ; R. G. F. regis filius ; R. P. res-publica, or Romani principes ; and R. R. R. F. F. F. res Romanaruet ferro, fame, flamma. In the prescriptions of physicians, Rstands for recipe, i. e. take. As a numeral, R anciently stood for80 : and with a dash over it, thus k, for 80,000; but the Greek 'gwith a small mark over it, signifies 100 ; with the same mark un-der it denoted 1000 x 100; thus g, signified 100,000. In theHebrew numeration 1 denoted 200 ; and with two horizontal pointsover it 1000 x 200 = 200,000.
RAAB, a town of Lower Hungary, capital of Javerin, 32miles W. of Gran, and 55 S. E. of Vienna. Lon. 17. 25. E. Lat.47. 48. N.
RAAGOE, an island of Denmark , near the N. coast of theisland of Lalarnl. Lon. 11. 23. E. Eat. 55. I. N.
RAAJEGUR, a town of Hindoostan, in Malwa, 74 miles N.E.of Ougcin, and 214 S. S. W. of Agra .
RAAMSES, an ancient town of Egypt , said to have beenbuilt in the time of Joseph’s ministry, as one of Pharaoh ’s store-houses.
RAASAY,'or RAAZA, a considerable island of Scotland ,one of the Hebrides , seated between the main land and the isleof Sky.
RABAC, a small port on the Arabian coast of the Red Sea .RABA P, a large sea-port-town of Africa , in the kingdom ofFez, and province of Tremesen. Lon. 5. 28. W. Eat. 34. 40. N.
RABBA, or RAIIABA, a town of Arabia, in the desert ofSyria, near the Euphrates , 140 miles S. W. of Mosui.
RABBIN, or RABBI, a title which the Pharisees and doctorsof the law among the Jews assumed, and literally signifies mastersor excellents.
RABB1NISTS, among the modern Jews , an appellation givento the doctrine of the Rabbins concerning traditions, in oppositionto the Caraitcs ; who rejected all traditions.
RABBIT, in zoology. See Fetus .
RABBETING, in carpentry, the planning, or cutting of chan-nels or grooves in boards, &c. In ship-carpentrv it signifies theletting in of the planks of the ship into the keel ; which, in therake and run of a ship, is hollowed away, that the planks may jointhe closer.
R ACCOURCY, in heraldry, signifies the same as coupGe ; thatis, cut off or shortened.
RACE, in general signifies running with others in order to ob-tain a prize, either on foot, or on horseback, in chariots, Sic. Therace was one of the exercises among the ancient Grecian games,which was performed in a course containing 125 paces; ami thosewho contended in these foot-races were frequently clothed in ar-
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mour. Chariot and horse-races are also made a part of these an-cient games. Races were known in England .dn very earlytimes.
Race, in genealogy, a lineage or extraction continued from fa-ther to son. See Descent, and Inheritance.
RACElMUS, in botany, a term that properly signifies a clusterof grapes: but scientifically it is used to signify a mode of lower-ing,' in which tlie dowers placed along a common foot-stalk arefurnished with proper foot-stalks, proceeding as lateral branchesfrom the common ilower-stalks. ’Phis is exemplified in the vineand currant-tree.
RACK, in the manege, a pace in which horse neither trotsnor ambles, but shuffles as it were between. The racking-pace isindeed much the same as the amble, only it is a swifter time andshorter tread.
Rack, an infern.d engine of torture, furnished with pullies andchords, &c. for extorting confession from criminals. This instru-ment is happily banished from almost every civilized state of theworld. The trial by the rack was never known to the law ofEngland. It was proposed in the privy council to put Felton, theassassin of the Duke of Buckingham, to the rack, in order to dis-cover his accomplices; but the judges, being consulted, unani-mously declared, that no such proceeding could be admitted bythe laws of England.
Rack, Arac, or Arrac , in commerce, a spirituous liquormade by the Tartars of mare’s milk, which is left to be sour, andafterwards distilled twice or thrice. Rack is also a spirituous li-quor which the English get from Batavia or Malacca, of whichthere are three sorts, the one being extracted from the cocoa-tree,the second from rice, and the third from sugar; but the first is thebest, and most in use.
To Rack Wines, &c. To draw them off from their lees, afterhaving stood long enough to ebb and settle. Hence rack-vintageis frequently used for the second voyage our wine-merchants usedto make into France lor racked w ines.
RACKET, a kind of bat to strike the hall with at tennis;usually consisting of a lattice or net-work of cal-gut strained verytight in a circle of wood, with a shaft or handle.
RACKOON, in zoology. See Ursus.
RACONI, a populous town of Italy , in the late Piedmontese,(i miles from Savillun, and 0 from Carignan. Lon. 7. 46. E. Lat.44. 39. N.
RADIAN'!', in optics, is any point of a visible object fromwhence rays proceed.
RADIATED FLOWERS, in botany, are such as have severalsemi-tlosciiles set round a disk, in foim of a radiant star; thosewhich have no such rays are cdled discous flowers.
RADIATION, the act of a body emitting or diffusing rays oflight all round, as from a centre. See Optics.
RADICAL, that serves as a basis or foundation. In grammar,we give the appellation radical to primitive words, in contradistinc-tion to compounds and derivatives. Algebraists also speak of th eradical sign of quantities, which is the character expressing theirroots. See Algepra.
RAD I CATION,